How to format your references using the Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Diebold AC. Applied physics. Subsurface imaging with scanning ultrasound holography. Science. 2005;310:61–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. von Storch H, Stehr N. Climate change in perspective. Nature. 2000;405:615.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Lutzoni F, Pagel M, Reeb V. Major fungal lineages are derived from lichen symbiotic ancestors. Nature. 2001;411:937–40.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. van der Hilst RD, de Hoop MV, Wang P, Shim S-H, Ma P, Tenorio L. Seismostratigraphy and thermal structure of Earth’s core-mantle boundary region. Science. 2007;315:1813–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bradford R. Is Shakespeare Any Good? Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

1. Pitilakis K, Franchin P, Khazai B, Wenzel H, editors. SYNER-G: Systemic Seismic Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Complex Urban, Utility, Lifeline Systems and Critical Facilities: Methodology and Applications. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Iverson SV. Beyond Recycling: Developing “Deep” Sustainability Competence. In: Leal Filho W, Zint M, editors. The Contribution of Social Sciences to Sustainable Development at Universities. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 55–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism.

Blog post

1. Evans K. New Protection For Rosewood, The World’s Most Trafficked Wild Item [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-protection-for-rosewood-the-worlds-most-trafficked-wild-item/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Emergency Management: Improved Federal Coordination Could Better Assist K-12 Schools Prepare for Emergencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016 Mar. Report No.: GAO-16-144.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Gustus CH. E-Mentoring an Educator in a State School for the Deaf: An Action Research Study [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kolomatsky M. Energy Costs Compared. New York Times. 2017 Jul 28;RE2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism
Abbreviation	Clin. Rev. Bone Miner. Metab.
ISSN (print)	1534-8644
ISSN (online)	1559-0119
Scope	Endocrinology Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Orthopedics and Sports Medicine