How to format your references using the Clinical Neurophysiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Neurophysiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pudritz RE. Clustered star formation and the origin of stellar masses. Science. 2002 Jan 4;295(5552):68–76.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chyba CF, Hand KP. Planetary science. Life without photosynthesis. Science. 2001 Jun 15;292(5524):2026–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hellweger FL, van Sebille E, Fredrick ND. Biogeographic patterns in ocean microbes emerge in a neutral agent-based model. Science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1346–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ekiert DC, Bhabha G, Elsliger MA, Friesen RHE, Jongeneelen M, Throsby M, et al. Antibody recognition of a highly conserved influenza virus epitope. Science. 2009 Apr 10;324(5924):246–51.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dvorak R, Lhotka C. Celestial Dynamics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

Matamala A, Orero P, editors. Researching Audio Description: New Approaches. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016. (Palgrave Studies in Translating and Interpreting).

A chapter in an edited book

Bonadeo CM, Guidi A, Straface A, Marcotte RD, Bonadeo CM, Noble S, et al. Abraham ibn Ezra. In: Lagerlund H, editor. Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011. p. 4–6.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Neurophysiology.

Blog post

Luntz S. According To A Nasa Funded Study, We’re Pretty Much Screwed [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/according-nasa-funded-study-were-pretty-much-screwed/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Increasing Use of Data Telecommunications Calls for Stronger Protection and Improved Economies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Nov. Report No.: LCD-81-1.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Anderson PM. Persistent Genomic Consequences of Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Measured in Adolescent Rat Brain [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Edge JT. The Hidden Radicalism of Southern Food. New York Times. 2017 May 6;SR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pudritz 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Chyba and Hand 2001; Pudritz 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chyba and Hand 2001)
Three or more authors: (Ekiert et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Neurophysiology
Abbreviation	Clin. Neurophysiol.
ISSN (print)	1388-2457
Scope	Clinical Neurology Physiology (medical) Neurology Sensory Systems