How to format your references using the Clinical Neurophysiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Neurophysiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Michaels AF. Ocean science. Highly active eddies. Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):992–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cheng Z, Tsourkas A. Monitoring phospholipase A₂ activity with Gd-encapsulated phospholipid liposomes. Sci Rep. 2014 Nov 7;4:6958.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sun JY, Wu XS, Wu LG. Single and multiple vesicle fusion induce different rates of endocytosis at a central synapse. Nature. 2002 May 30;417(6888):555–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Brent LJN, Heilbronner SR, Horvath JE, Gonzalez-Martinez J, Ruiz-Lambides A, Robinson AG, et al. Genetic origins of social networks in rhesus macaques. Sci Rep. 2013 Jan 9;3:1042.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Glover F, Klingman D, Phillips NV. Network Models in Optimization and their Applications in Practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1992.

An edited book

Wu X. Structure-Preserving Algorithms for Oscillatory Differential Equations. You X, Wang B, editors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

He Y, Ding L, Li Y. Research on Domain Adaptation for SMT Based on Specific Domain Knowledge. In: Yang M, Liu S, editors. Machine Translation: 12th China Workshop, CWMT 2016, Urumqi, China, August 25–26, 2016, Revised Selected Papers. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 43–60. (Communications in Computer and Information Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Neurophysiology.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Bald Eagle Braves Snow Storm To Protect Eggs [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bald-eagle-covered-snow-while-protecting-eggs/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Contract Pricing: A Low Percentage of Contractors Are Responsible for Most Reported Defective Pricing. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992 Nov. Report No.: NSIAD-93-1.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coppock JE. Optical and Magnetic Measurements of a Levitated, Gyroscopically Stabilized Graphene Nanoplatelet [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland J. Staying ‘in the ’Hood, Up to No Good’. New York Times. 2017 Apr 20;MB2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Michaels 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Michaels 2007; Cheng and Tsourkas 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cheng and Tsourkas 2014)
Three or more authors: (Brent et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Neurophysiology
Abbreviation	Clin. Neurophysiol.
ISSN (print)	1388-2457
Scope	Clinical Neurology Physiology (medical) Neurology Sensory Systems