How to format your references using the Clinical Neurophysiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Neurophysiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fratzl P. Applied physics: The virtues of tiling. Nature. 2014 Dec 11;516(7530):178–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Peebles PJE, Unruh WG. Obituary: John Wheeler (1911-2008). Nature. 2008 May 1;453(7191):50.

A journal article with 3 authors

Prahlad V, Pilgrim D, Goodwin EB. Roles for mating and environment in C. elegans sex determination. Science. 2003 Nov 7;302(5647):1046–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Speer NJ, Tang SJ, Miller T, Chiang TC. Coherent electronic fringe structure in incommensurate silver-silicon quantum wells. Science. 2006 Nov 3;314(5800):804–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Troppens U, Erkens R, Müller W. Storage Networks Explained. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2004.

An edited book

Valsiner J, Marsico G, Chaudhary N, Sato T, Dazzani V, editors. Psychology as the Science of Human Being: The Yokohama Manifesto. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. (Annals of Theoretical Psychology; vol. 13).

A chapter in an edited book

Webster J, Roberts J, Jones R. Development of a Comfort Model for Cricket Leg Guards (P9). In: Brisson P, editor. The Engineering of Sport 7: Vol 1. Paris: Springer; 2008. p. 35–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Neurophysiology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Ebola Outbreak’s Patient Zero Identified As A Toddler From Guinea [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/ebola-outbreak’s-patient-zero-identified-toddler-guinea/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Human Resources Information Systems Issue Area: Active Assignments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Apr. Report No.: AA-96-29(2).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Deise EC. Frame problems, Fodor’s challenge, and practical reason [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McPHATE M. Man Cuffed on Failure to Return VHS Tape. New York Times. 2016 Mar 27;A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fratzl 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Peebles and Unruh 2008; Fratzl 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Peebles and Unruh 2008)
Three or more authors: (Speer et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Neurophysiology
Abbreviation	Clin. Neurophysiol.
ISSN (print)	1388-2457
Scope	Clinical Neurology Physiology (medical) Neurology Sensory Systems