How to format your references using the Clinical Microbiology and Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Microbiology and Infection. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schlosshauer M. Lifting the fog from the north. Nature 2008;453:39.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ordureau A, Harper JW. Cell biology: balancing act. Nature 2014;510:347–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Altizer S, Bartel R, Han BA. Animal migration and infectious disease risk. Science 2011;331:296–302.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zhai RG, Zhang F, Hiesinger PR, Cao Y, Haueter CM, Bellen HJ. NAD synthase NMNAT acts as a chaperone to protect against neurodegeneration. Nature 2008;452:887–91.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Holsclaw G. Transcending Subjects. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Nagase H, editor. Chemistry of Opioids. vol. 299. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Agoulnik AI. Relaxin and Related Peptides in Male Reproduction. In: Agoulnik AI, editor. Relaxin and Related Peptides, New York, NY: Springer; 2007, p. 49–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Microbiology and Infection.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Rosetta Comet Puts On A Firework Display. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/rosetta-comet-jets/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. [Comments on NASA Employee’s Proposed Work Schedule]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sinha R. An Integrated Development Environment for the Clara Constraint-Programming Language. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by. Arts, Briefly; Russian Art Sets Records in London. New York Times 2005:B8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Abbreviation	Clin. Microbiol. Infect.
ISSN (print)	1198-743X
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)