How to format your references using the Clinical Microbiology and Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Microbiology and Infection. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteDownload the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
[1]
Garboczi DN. Structural biology. “D” is not for diversity. Science 2005;308:209–10.
A journal article with 2 authors
[1]
Nohturfft A, Losick R. Cell biology. Fats, flies, and palmitate. Science 2002;296:857–8.
A journal article with 3 authors
[1]
Li D, Zhang P, Yan J. Ab initio molecular dynamics study of high-pressure melting of beryllium oxide. Sci Rep 2014;4:4707.
A journal article with 7 or more authors
[1]
Qi Y, Spong MC, Nam K, Banerjee A, Jiralerspong S, Karplus M, et al. Encounter and extrusion of an intrahelical lesion by a DNA repair enzyme. Nature 2009;462:762–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
[1]
Rankin J. Effects of Antenatal Exercise on Psychological Well-Being, Pregnancy and Birth Outcome. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Whurr Publishers Ltd; 2008.
An edited book
[1]
Lee T-K. Fundamentals of Lead-Free Solder Interconnect Technology: From Microstructures to Reliability. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2015.
A chapter in an edited book
[1]
Larkin KT, Goulet C, Cavanagh C. Forgiveness and Physiological Concomitants and Outcomes. In: Toussaint L, Worthington E, Williams DR, editors. Forgiveness and Health: Scientific Evidence and Theories Relating Forgiveness to Better Health, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015, p. 61–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Microbiology and Infection.

Blog post
[1]
Hamilton K. Achieving Universal Broadband: What The FCC Can And Cannot Do. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/achieving-universal-broadband-what-the-fcc-can-and-cannot-do/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
[1]
Government Accountability Office. Need for Active Alcohol Public Education Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
[1]
Gary JO. Women’s social networking: Steps that organize low-technology users with emergency needs. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University, 2011.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
[1]
Kelly M. Clinton Chats With Reagan, Then Heads Out to the Mall. New York Times 1992:17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal titleClinical Microbiology and Infection
AbbreviationClin. Microbiol. Infect.
ISSN (print)1198-743X
ScopeGeneral Medicine
Infectious Diseases
Microbiology (medical)

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