How to format your references using the Clinical Microbiology and Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Microbiology and Infection. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Rochmyaningsih D. Indigenous peoples must benefit from science. Nature 2015;526:477.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Maynard A, Rejeski D. Too small to overlook. Nature 2009;460:174.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Su Z, Huang W, Gu X. Comment on “Positive selection of tyrosine loss in metazoan evolution.” Science 2011;332:917; author reply 917.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zhang X, Lu W, Dai J, Bourgeois L, Yao J, Wang H, et al. Nanofabrication of highly ordered, tunable metallic mesostructures via quasi-hard-templating of lyotropic liquid crystals. Sci Rep 2014;4:7420.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bowers D, House A, Owens D. Getting Started in Health Research. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Noble S. WPF Recipes in C# 2008: A Problem-Solution Approach. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Stegelin D, Cecconi L. Kindergarten Environments in Reggio Emilia, Bologna, Modena, and Parma, Italy In Search of Quality. In: Clark Wortham S, editor. Common Characteristics and Unique Qualities in Preschool Programs: Global Perspectives in Early Childhood Education, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013, p. 47–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Microbiology and Infection.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Graphene Could Lead To Better Bullet-Proof Vests And Hydrogen Fuel Cells. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/graphene-could-lead-better-bullet-proof-vests-and-hydrogen-fuel-cells/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Department of Homeland Security: Continued Actions Needed to Strengthen Oversight and Coordination of Research and Development. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Einziger H. Incidence Hopf algebras: Antipodes, forest formulas, and noncrossing partitions. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Lee L. Bring On The Wind And Water. New York Times 2013:D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Abbreviation	Clin. Microbiol. Infect.
ISSN (print)	1198-743X
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)