How to format your references using the Clinical Microbiology and Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Microbiology and Infection. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

McFarland E. Chemistry. Unconventional chemistry for unconventional natural gas. Science 2012;338:340–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Jansen VAA, van Baalen M. Altruism through beard chromodynamics. Nature 2006;440:663–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Morse SS, Garwin RL, Olsiewski PJ. Public health. Next flu pandemic: what to do until the vaccine arrives? Science 2006;314:929.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Nolen BJ, Tomasevic N, Russell A, Pierce DW, Jia Z, McCormick CD, et al. Characterization of two classes of small molecule inhibitors of Arp2/3 complex. Nature 2009;460:1031–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bolstad WM, Curran JM. Introduction to Bayesian Statistics, Third Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Theeramunkong T, Nattee C, Adeodato PJL, Chawla N, Christen P, Lenca P, et al., editors. New Frontiers in Applied Data Mining: PAKDD 2009 International Workshops, Bangkok, Thailand, April 27-30, 2009. Revised Selected Papers. vol. 5669. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Zheng R, Xi G, Chen J. Contribution Degree’s Application in the Research of Elements of TCM Syndromes. In: Huang D-S, Jo K-H, Lee H-H, Kang H-J, Bevilacqua V, editors. Emerging Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications: 5th International Conference on Intelligent Computing, ICIC 2009, Ulsan, South Korea, September 16-19, 2009. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009, p. 28–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Microbiology and Infection.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Fossilized Feces Gives Clues To Ancient Microbes. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fossilized-feces-gives-clues-ancient-microbes/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Assessing the Output of Federal Commercially Directed R&D. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1979.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Nadeau EM. Baby Boomer Generation’s Knowledge of Alzheimer’s Disease. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wagner J. Encouraging Signs for the Ailing Mets. New York Times 2017:SP5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Abbreviation	Clin. Microbiol. Infect.
ISSN (print)	1198-743X
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)