How to format your references using the Clinical Epigenetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Epigenetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Mabberley DJ. Plant science. Exploring terra incognita. Science. 2009;324:472.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kuwayama H, Ishida S. Biological soliton in multicellular movement. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2272.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ryugo DK, Kretzmer EA, Niparko JK. Restoration of auditory nerve synapses in cats by cochlear implants. Science. 2005;310:1490–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Braig M, Lee S, Loddenkemper C, Rudolph C, Peters AHFM, Schlegelberger B, et al. Oncogene-induced senescence as an initial barrier in lymphoma development. Nature. 2005;436:660–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bragg SM. Cost Reduction Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

1. Bentrem D, Benson AB, editors. Gastrointestinal Malignancies. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. McGonagle JJ, Vella CM. Preparing Yourself. In: Vella CM, editor. Proactive Intelligence: The Successful Executive’s Guide to Intelligence. London: Springer; 2012. p. 35–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Epigenetics.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. New Record-Breaking Laser Could Dramatically Speed Up The Internet [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-record-breaking-laser-could-dramatically-speed-internet/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Global Positioning System: Challenges in Sustaining and Upgrading Capabilities Persist. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010 Sep. Report No.: GAO-10-636.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Cole KW. Principal investigator and department administrator perceptions of services provided by Offices of Research Administration at research universities [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tampa, FL]: University of South Florida; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. (nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Novelist Faces Pornography Charge. New York Times. 2002 Jul 12;A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Epigenetics
Abbreviation	Clin. Epigenetics
ISSN (online)	1868-7083
Scope	Developmental Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Genetics(clinical)

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