How to format your references using the Clinical Epigenetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Epigenetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Turekian KK. Obituary: Harmon Craig (1926-2003). Nature. 2003;423:701.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Charness G, Fehr E. ECONOMICS. From the lab to the real world. Science. 2015;350:512–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Acevedo A, Brodsky L, Andino R. Mutational and fitness landscapes of an RNA virus revealed through population sequencing. Nature. 2014;505:686–90.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Villanueva-Gutiérrez R, Echazarreta-González C, Roubik DW, Moguel-Ordóñez YB. Transgenic soybean pollen (Glycine max L.) in honey from the Yucatán peninsula, Mexico. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4022.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bradley D. Managing Minor Musculoskeletal Injuries and Conditions. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2015.

An edited book

1. Vejnarová J, Kratochvíl V, editors. Belief Functions: Theory and Applications: 4th International Conference, BELIEF 2016, Prague, Czech Republic, September 21-23, 2016, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Henkelman RM, Chen XJ, Sled JG. Disease phenotyping: structural and functional readouts. In: Herrling PL, Matter A, Rudin M, editors. Imaging in Drug Discovery and Early Clinical Trials. Basel: Birkhäuser; 2005. p. 151–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Epigenetics.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Tusks Tell The Tale Of Mammoth Extinction [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/tusks-tell-tale-mammoth-extinction/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Program Status: Naval Surface Fire Support. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997 Aug. Report No.: NSIAD-97-179R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Dorin J. Attachment style and perceived stress in college students [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Koblin J. Pauley Is Back — Again. New York Times. 2016 Oct 8;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Epigenetics
Abbreviation	Clin. Epigenetics
ISSN (online)	1868-7083
Scope	Developmental Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Genetics(clinical)