How to format your references using the Clinical Epigenetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Epigenetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Franson JD. Physics. Beating classical computing without a quantum computer. Science. 2013;339:767–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Salehi-Ashtiani K, Szostak JW. In vitro evolution suggests multiple origins for the hammerhead ribozyme. Nature. 2001;414:82–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Chandrappa GT, Steunou N, Livage J. Materials chemistry: macroporous crystalline vanadium oxide foam. Nature. 2002;416:702.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Shigetani Y, Sugahara F, Kawakami Y, Murakami Y, Hirano S, Kuratani S. Heterotopic shift of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in vertebrate jaw evolution. Science. 2002;296:1316–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Imbriale WA. Large Antennas of the Deep Space Network. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Vilcinskas A, editor. Insect Biotechnology. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Laposata EA. Restraint Stress. In: Ross DL, Chan TC, editors. Sudden Deaths in Custody. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2006. p. 59–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Epigenetics.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Walking on Water: Easier Than It Sounds [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/walking-water-easier-it-sounds/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federal-Aid Highways: Cost and Oversight of Major Highway and Bridge Projects--Issues and Options. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003 May. Report No.: GAO-03-764T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Bishop-Randol E. Outcomes of the Program of Assertive Community Treatment in Orange County, California [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Billard M. The Shopping Urge Can Hit Anytime. New York Times. 2010 Aug 12;E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Epigenetics
Abbreviation	Clin. Epigenetics
ISSN (online)	1868-7083
Scope	Developmental Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Genetics(clinical)