How to format your references using the Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meyerowitz EM. Plants compared to animals: the broadest comparative study of development. Science. 2002 Feb 22;295(5559):1482–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Neuman Y, Cohen Y. A vectorial semantics approach to personality assessment. Sci Rep. 2014 Apr 23;4:4761.

A journal article with 3 authors

Foreman BZ, Heller PL, Clementz MT. Fluvial response to abrupt global warming at the Palaeocene/Eocene boundary. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):92–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Monk KR, Naylor SG, Glenn TD, Mercurio S, Perlin JR, Dominguez C, et al. A G protein-coupled receptor is essential for Schwann cells to initiate myelination. Science. 2009 Sep 11;325(5946):1402–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Paterson JC. Lean Auditing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Boening A, Kremer JF, van Loon A, editors. Global Power Europe - Vol. 1: Theoretical and Institutional Approaches to the EU’s External Relations. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. XXVI, 240 p. (Global Power Shift, Comparative Analysis and Perspectives).

A chapter in an edited book

Nuti S, Bonini A. Gli indicatori per la qualità e la sicurezza delle cure. In: Tartaglia R, Vannucci A, editors. Prevenire gli eventi avversi nella pratica clinica. Milano: Springer; 2013. p. 41–55.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology.

Blog post

Fang J. Why Do We Yawn? IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Surface Transportation: Issues Associated With Pipeline Regulation by the Surface Transportation Board. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Mar. Report No.: T-RCED-98-127.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fountain JM. Differences in Generational Work Values in America and Their Implications for Educational Leadership: A Longitudinal Test of Twenge’s Model [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland J. Worn With Pride. New York Times. 2016 Aug 5;MB9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology
Abbreviation	Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol.
ISSN (print)	0305-1870
ISSN (online)	1440-1681
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical) Pharmacology