How to format your references using the Climate of the Past Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Climate of the Past Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Young, E. D.: Geochemistry. Strange water in the solar system, Science, 317, 211–212, 2007.

A journal article with 2 authors

Coffin, J. M. and Stoye, J. P.: Virology. A new virus for old diseases?, Science, 326, 530–531, 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

Parker, H. G., Kruglyak, L., and Ostrander, E. A.: Molecular genetics: DNA analysis of a putative dog clone, Nature, 440, E1-2, 2006.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Saze, H., Shiraishi, A., Miura, A., and Kakutani, T.: Control of genic DNA methylation by a jmjC domain-containing protein in Arabidopsis thaliana, Science, 319, 462–465, 2008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Perez, A.: IP, Ethernet and MPLS Networks, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA, 2013.

An edited book

Cole, D. R.: A Pedagogy of Cinema, edited by: Bradley, J. P. N., SensePublishers, Rotterdam, XXII, 162 p pp., 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Pratt, W. B., Morishima, Y., Murphy, M., and Harrell, M.: Chaperoning of Glucocorticoid Receptors, in: Molecular Chaperones in Health and Disease, edited by: Starke, K. and Gaestel, M., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 111–138, 2006.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Climate of the Past Discussions.

Blog post

Single Therapy Session Cures 73% Of Insomniacs: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/single-therapy-session-cures-73-insomniacs/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Transportation Infrastructure: Preserving the Nation’s Investment in the Interstate Highway System, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Jordan, E. A.: The semiconductor industry and emerging technologies: A study using a modified Delphi method, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt), S. K.: World Briefing | Europe: Moldova: Political Tension, New York Times, 6th April, A10, 2002.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Young, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Coffin and Stoye, 2009; Young, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Coffin and Stoye, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Saze et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Climate of the Past Discussions
Abbreviation	Clim. Past Discuss.
ISSN (online)	1814-9359
Scope	Palaeontology Stratigraphy Global and Planetary Change