How to format your references using the Cladistics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cladistics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Glick, S. 2011. Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (1921-2011). Nature. 474, 580.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yang, Z.-G., Zhang, C.-T. 2013. A proposal for a novel impact factor as an alternative to the JCR impact factor. Scientific reports. 3, 3410.

A journal article with 3 authors

Munoz, F., Couteron, P., Hubbell, S.P. 2012. Comment on “Global correlations in tropical tree species richness and abundance reject neutrality”. Science (New York, N.Y.). 336, 1639; author reply 1639.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Liu, Z., Zhou, H., Wang, W., Tan, W., Fu, Y.-X., Zhu, M. 2014. A novel method for synthetic vaccine construction based on protein assembly. Scientific reports. 4, 7266.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Carter, K.B. 2014. Actionable Intelligence. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Calisesi, Y., Bonnet, R.-M., Gray, L., Langen, J., Lockwood, M. (Eds.). 2007. Solar Variability and Planetary Climates, Space Sciences Series of ISSI. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Rothschild, B.M., Schultze, H.-P., Pellegrini, R. 2012. Annotated Bibliography A-C, in: Schultze, H.-P., Pellegrini, R. (Eds.), Herpetological Osteopathology: Annotated Bibliography of Amphibians and Reptiles. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 55–115.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cladistics.

Blog post

Evans, K. 2016. Reindeer: The Secret Weapon To Combat Climate Change? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/reindeer-the-secret-weapon-to-combat-climate-change/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1983. The Evaluation Synthesis (No. 088890). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Soltani, A. 2015. Parenting and disciplinary practices of Iranian mothers: A quantitative study (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. 2014. A Dominating Display at 14. New York Times. B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Glick, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Glick, 2011; Yang and Zhang, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yang and Zhang, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cladistics
Abbreviation	Cladistics
ISSN (print)	0748-3007
ISSN (online)	1096-0031
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics