How to format your references using the City, Territory and Architecture citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for City, Territory and Architecture. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gadagkar R (2011) Evolution. Altruistic wasps? Science 333:833–834

A journal article with 2 authors

Kilpatrick AM, Ives AR (2003) Species interactions can explain Taylor’s power law for ecological time series. Nature 422:65–68

A journal article with 3 authors

Kim M, Carman CV, Springer TA (2003) Bidirectional transmembrane signaling by cytoplasmic domain separation in integrins. Science 301:1720–1725

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Pang B, Cheng S, Sun S-P, et al (2014) Prognostic role of PIK3CA mutations and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 4:6255

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Murray B (2015) The Possibility of Culture. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Siciliano B, Khatib O (eds) (2008) Springer Handbook of Robotics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Barbosa RP, Belo O (2010) Multi-Agent Forex Trading System. In: Hãkansson A, Hartung R, Nguyen NT (eds) Agent and Multi-agent Technology for Internet and Enterprise Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 91–118

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for City, Territory and Architecture.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Scientists Discover How To “Switch Off” Hunger. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/scientists-discover-appetite-regulating-brain-circuit/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Aviation Safety: FAA Needs to Update Curriculum and Certification Requirements for Aviation Mechanics. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Arendt KR (2015) Symbiosis establishment and ecological effects of endohyphal bacteria on foliar fungi. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M (2010) Winning Recruits. New York Times E9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gadagkar 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Kilpatrick and Ives 2003; Gadagkar 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kilpatrick and Ives 2003)
Three or more authors: (Pang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	City, Territory and Architecture
Abbreviation	City Territ. Arch.
ISSN (online)	2195-2701
Scope