How to format your references using the Circulation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Circulation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chesebro B. Biomedicine. A fresh look at BSE. Science. 2004;305:1918–1921.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ong NP, Cava RJ. Physics. Electronic frustration on a triangular lattice. Science. 2004;305:52–53.

A journal article with 3 authors

Vokrouhlický D, Nesvorný D, Bottke WF. The vector alignments of asteroid spins by thermal torques. Nature. 2003;425:147–151.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Ligoxygakis P, Pelte N, Hoffmann JA, Reichhart J-M. Activation of Drosophila Toll during fungal infection by a blood serine protease. Science. 2002;297:114–116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Alvarez PJJ, Illman WA. Bioremediation and Natural Attenuation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

Liu Y. Stochastic Network Calculus. London: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Raz AE, Schicktanz S. Making Responsible Life Plans: Cultural Differences in Lay Attitudes in Germany and Israel Towards Predictive Genetic Testing for Late-Onset Diseases. In: Schicktanz S, editor. Comparative Empirical Bioethics: Dilemmas of Genetic Testing and Euthanasia in Israel and Germany. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 55–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Circulation.

Blog post

Fang J. Early Australians Overlapped With Giant, Predatory Lizards [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/early-australians-overlapped-giant-lizards-during-ice-age/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA: Challenges in Completing and Sustaining the International Space Station. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Guzman S. Numerical investigations of a pipe jet with coil insert issuing into a crossflow. 2015;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Davidson A. God Save the British Economy. New York Times. 2012;MM18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Circulation
Abbreviation	Circulation
ISSN (print)	0009-7322
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Physiology (medical)