How to format your references using the Circulation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Circulation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dehaene S. Neuroscience. Single-neuron arithmetic. Science. 2002;297:1652–1653.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lewcock JW, Reed RR. Neuroscience. ORs rule the roost in the olfactory system. Science. 2003;302:2078–2079.

A journal article with 3 authors

Angell SY, Danel I, DeCock KM. Global health. Global indicators and targets for noncommunicable diseases. Science. 2012;337:1456–1457.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Häring M, Vestergaard G, Rachel R, Chen L, Garrett RA, Prangishvili D. Virology: independent virus development outside a host. Nature. 2005;436:1101–1102.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schober H. Transparent Shells. Berlin, Germany: Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG; 2015.

An edited book

Ibarrola M de, Anderson LW, editors. The Nurturing of New Educational Researchers: Dialogues and Debates. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Horak F. Antiallergic and Vasoactive Drugs for Allergic Rhinitis. In: Pawankar R, Holgate ST, Rosenwasser LJ, editors. Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2010. p. 51–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Circulation.

Blog post

Andrew E. Increasing Antibiotic Efficacy With Silver [Internet]. IFLScience. 2013 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/increasing-antibiotic-efficacy-silver-0/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Justice Plans to Improve Oversight of Agency Projects. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Steers AV. Releasing from the inside out: The development of the role of Helene in “Festen.” 2010;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kolomatsky M. Where Are Homes Being Built? New York Times. 2017;RE2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Circulation
Abbreviation	Circulation
ISSN (print)	0009-7322
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Physiology (medical)