How to format your references using the Chiropractic Journal of Australia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chiropractic Journal of Australia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stratt RM. Chemistry. Nonlinear thinking about molecular energy transfer. Science. 2008 Sep 26;321(5897):1789–90.

A journal article with 2 authors

Makino S, Suzuki M. Bacterial genomic reorganization upon DNA replication. Science. 2001 May 4;292(5518):803.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mungall JE, Ames DE, Hanley JJ. Geochemical evidence from the Sudbury structure for crustal redistribution by large bolide impacts. Nature. 2004 Jun 3;429(6991):546–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Poxleitner MK, Carpenter ML, Mancuso JJ, Wang CJR, Dawson SC, Cande WZ. Evidence for karyogamy and exchange of genetic material in the binucleate intestinal parasite Giardia intestinalis. Science. 2008 Mar 14;319(5869):1530–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Worth SM. The Association Guide to Going Global. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Čápek V. Challenges to the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Theory and Experiment. Sheehan DP, editor. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005. XVI, 356 p. (Fundamental Theories of Physics, An International Book Series on The Fundamental Theories of Physics: Their Clarification, Development and Application; vol. 146).

A chapter in an edited book

Borgianni Y, Cascini G, Rotini F. Application of IPPR to the Reengineering Problems of Class 1. In: Borgianni Y, Cascini G, editors. Re-engineering of Products and Processes: How to Achieve Global Success in the Changing Marketplace. London: Springer; 2012. p. 87–105. (Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chiropractic Journal of Australia.

Blog post

Andrew E. Powdered Alcohol Coming To The US [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/powdered-alcohol-coming-us/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Research: Lessons Learned From SEMATECH. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992 Sep. Report No.: RCED-92-283.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Damiano ES. The effects of psychological stress on physical health over time [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel B, Schonbrun Z. Northwestern Makes Its Debut a Winning One. New York Times. 2017 Mar 17;B8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chiropractic Journal of Australia
ISSN (print)	1036-0913
Scope