How to format your references using the Chinese Journal of Traumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chinese Journal of Traumatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Macilwain C. Livermore plans radical rescue for “mismanaged” laser facility. Nature. 2000;403(6769):469-470.

A journal article with 2 authors

Luo MX, Wang X. Parallel photonic quantum computation assisted by quantum dots in one-side optical microcavities. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5732.

A journal article with 3 authors

Iwamoto M, Matsunaga S, Oiki S. Paradoxical one-ion pore behavior of the long β-helical peptide of marine cytotoxic polytheonamide B. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3636.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Beeson TD, Mastracchio A, Hong JB, Ashton K, Macmillan DWC. Enantioselective organocatalysis using SOMO activation. Science. 2007;316(5824):582-585.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bobrow J, Fisher S, Mondragon-Gilmore J, et al. CliffsNotes® CSET®. Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Tribastone M, Gilmore S, eds. Computer Performance Engineering: 9th European Workshop, EPEW 2012, Munich, Germany, July 30, 2012, and 28th UK Workshop, UKPEW 2012, Edinburgh, UK, July 2, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Vol 7587. Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Kasana RC, Panwar NR, Kaul RK, Kumar P. Copper Nanoparticles in Agriculture: Biological Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity. In: Ranjan S, Dasgupta N, Lichtfouse E, eds. Nanoscience in Food and Agriculture 3. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews. Springer International Publishing; 2016:129-143.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chinese Journal of Traumatology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. NASA Cements Future Of Manned Space Exploration By Ordering More Launches From SpaceX And Boeing. IFLScience. January 10, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-cements-future-of-manned-space-exploration/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Health Information Technology: HHS Should Assess the Effectiveness of Its Efforts to Enhance Patient Access to and Use of Electronic Health Information. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2017.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hoscoe BT. Assistive Technology and the Promotion of Inclusion for Special Needs Children in Public Schools: A Grant Proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rojas R. An Undertaker’s Discovery Turns a Death Into a Murder Case. New York Times. December 16, 2015:A28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chinese Journal of Traumatology
Abbreviation	Chin. J. Traumatol.
ISSN (print)	1008-1275
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Surgery