How to format your references using the Childhood Obesity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Childhood Obesity (CHI). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nutman AP. Comment on “Zircon thermometer reveals minimum melting conditions on earliest Earth” II. Science 2006;311(5762):779; author reply 779.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhong S, He S. Ultrathin and lightweight microwave absorbers made of mu-near-zero metamaterials. Sci Rep 2013;3:2083.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gao F, Ding Z, Meng S. Three-dimensional metal-intercalated covalent organic frameworks for near-ambient energy storage. Sci Rep 2013;3:1882.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Cobb KM, Charles CD, Cheng H, et al. El Niño/Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium. Nature 2003;424(6946):271–276.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Perry DE, Haluska MJ. Hiring Greatness. John Wiley & Sons, Inc: Hoboken, NJ; 2016.

An edited book

Linsky JL, Izmodenov VV, Möbius E, et al., (eds). From the Outer Heliosphere to the Local Bubble: Comparisons of New Observations with Theory. Space Sciences Series of ISSI. Springer: New York, NY; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Dias JS, Ortiz R. Vegetable Breeding Industry and Property Rights. In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews: Volume 17. (Lichtfouse E. ed). Sustainable Agriculture Reviews Springer International Publishing: Cham; 2015; pp. 121–139.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Childhood Obesity.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. Neon Spotted In The Moon’s Atmosphere For The First Time Ever. IFLScience; 2015. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/neon-spotted-moons-atmosphere-first-time/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Readiness of State Automated Systems That Support Federal Human Services Programs. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kotamreddy A. Design and Simulation of 16 Psk Super Regenerative Receiver. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S, Smale A. Foes of Russia in Crimea Block Shipments of Food. New York Times 2015;A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Childhood Obesity
ISSN (print)	2153-2168
ISSN (online)	2153-2176
Scope