How to format your references using the Chemical Research in Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chemical Research in Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

(1)

Abbott, A. A Place in the Sun. Nature 2007, 446 (7132), 124–125.

A journal article with 2 authors

(1)

Moore, S. L.; Wilson, K. Parasites as a Viability Cost of Sexual Selection in Natural Populations of Mammals. Science 2002, 297 (5589), 2015–2018.

A journal article with 3 authors

(1)

Lavine, M. S.; Voss, D.; Coontz, R. A Robotic Future. Introduction to Special Issue. Science 2007, 318 (5853), 1083.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

(1)

Gentile, F.; Medda, R.; Cheng, L.; Battista, E.; Scopelliti, P. E.; Milani, P.; Cavalcanti-Adam, E. A.; Decuzzi, P. Selective Modulation of Cell Response on Engineered Fractal Silicon Substrates. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 1461.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

(1)

Sóbester, A.; Forrester, A. I. J. Aircraft Aerodynamic Design; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2014.

An edited book

(1)

Nutrition in Kidney Disease, 2nd ed. 2014.; Byham-Gray, L. D., Burrowes, J. D., Chertow, G. M., Eds.; Nutrition and Health; Humana Press: Totowa, NJ, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

(1)

Shum, S. J. B.; Selvin, A. M.; Sierhuis, M.; Conklin, J.; Haley, C. B.; Nuseibeh, B. Hypermedia Support for Argumentation-Based Rationale. In Rationale Management in Software Engineering; Dutoit, A. H., McCall, R., Mistrík, I., Paech, B., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006; pp 111–132.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chemical Research in Toxicology.

Blog post

(1)

Andrew, E. Brain Network Linking Alzheimer’s And Schizophrenia Identified. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/brain-network-linking-alzheimers-and-schizophrenia-identified/ (accessed 2018-10-30).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

(1)

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Readiness Status of the Department of Health and Human Services; T-AIMD-99-92; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

(1)

Yi, Z. Dynamics of Bio-Membranes Investigated by Neutron Spin Echo: Effects of Phospholipid Conformations and Presence of Lidocaine. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(1)

Hollander, S. Game and the Season End In Frustration for the Power. New York Times. August 11, 2002, p 85.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chemical Research in Toxicology
Abbreviation	Chem. Res. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0893-228X
ISSN (online)	1520-5010
Scope	General Medicine Toxicology