How to format your references using the Chemical Research in Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chemical Research in Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

(1)

Siegel, J. M. The REM Sleep-Memory Consolidation Hypothesis. Science 2001, 294 (5544), 1058–1063.

A journal article with 2 authors

(1)

Lounis, B.; Moerner, W. E. Single Photons on Demand from a Single Molecule at Room Temperature. Nature 2000, 407 (6803), 491–493.

A journal article with 3 authors

(1)

Klaholz, B. P.; Myasnikov, A. G.; Van Heel, M. Visualization of Release Factor 3 on the Ribosome during Termination of Protein Synthesis. Nature 2004, 427 (6977), 862–865.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

(1)

Keiling, A.; Wygant, J. R.; Cattell, C. A.; Mozer, F. S.; Russell, C. T. The Global Morphology of Wave Poynting Flux: Powering the Aurora. Science 2003, 299 (5605), 383–386.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

(1)

Jenkinson, J.; Hyde, T.; Ahmad, S. Building Blocks for Learning: Occupational Therapy Approaches; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom, 2008.

An edited book

(1)

Beyn, W.-J. Current Challenges in Stability Issues for Numerical Differential Equations: Cetraro, Italy 2011, Editors: Luca Dieci, Nicola Guglielmi; Dieci, L., Guglielmi, N., Hairer, E., Sanz-Serna, J. M., Zennaro, M., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Mathematics; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2014; Vol. 2082.

A chapter in an edited book

(1)

Crosby, N. B. Major Radiation Environments in the Heliosphere and Their Implications for Interplanetary Travel. In Space Weather- Physics and Effects; Daglis, I. A., Ed.; Springer Praxis Books; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007; pp 131–171.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chemical Research in Toxicology.

Blog post

(1)

Luntz, S. Quantum Equations Suggest Big Bang Never Happened. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/quantum-equations-dispute-big-bang/ (accessed 2018-10-30).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

(1)

Government Accountability Office. Amtrak: Limited Income From the Revenue Enhancement Program; RCED-90-76; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

(1)

McCarroll, M. L. Exercise and Airway Clearing Devices in Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2005.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(1)

Koblin, J.; Steel, E. HBO Assesses Cyberattack Damage. New York Times. August 3, 2017, p B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chemical Research in Toxicology
Abbreviation	Chem. Res. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0893-228X
ISSN (online)	1520-5010
Scope	General Medicine Toxicology