How to format your references using the Channels citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Channels. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blake D. Biodiscovery--from reef to outback. Nature 2004; 429:15–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ron D, Ito K. Cell biology. A translational pause to localize. Science 2011; 331:543–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Worobey M, Han G-Z, Rambaut A. A synchronized global sweep of the internal genes of modern avian influenza virus. Nature 2014; 508:254–7.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Sanchez DF, Marmitt G, Marin C, Baptista DL, de M Azevedo G, Grande PL, Fichtner PFP. New approach for structural characterization of planar sets of nanoparticles embedded into a solid matrix. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3414.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Richards T. Investing Psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

Karthik M. Computational Strategies Towards Improved Protein Function Prophecy of Xylanases from Thermomyces lanuginosus. New York, NY: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Jung KW, Myung S-J. Technique, Interpretation and Clinical Application of Anorectal Manometry and Balloon Expulsion Test. In: Ghoshal UC, editor. Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Motility and its Disorders. New Delhi: Springer India; 2016. page 31–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Channels.

Blog post

Carpineti C. “Moore’s Law” For Carbon Emissions Could Mean The End Of Climate Change [Internet]. IFLScience2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/moores-law-for-carbon-emissions-could-mean-the-end-of-climate-change/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. SSA Initiatives to Identify Coaching. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Venegas Carro GI. The Slow Movements of Anton Bruckner’s Symphonies: Dialogical Perspectives. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C. Elaborate Measures Try to Tame Turbulence. New York Times2016; :TR5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Channels
Abbreviation	Channels (Austin)
ISSN (print)	1933-6950
ISSN (online)	1933-6969
Scope	Biochemistry Biophysics