How to format your references using the Case Studies in Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Case Studies in Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C. Adami, Evolution. Reducible complexity, Science 312 (2006) 61–63.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

V. Serebrov, A.M. Pyle, Periodic cycles of RNA unwinding and pausing by hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase, Nature 430 (2004) 476–480.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A.M. Wilson, J.C. Watson, G.A. Lichtwark, Biomechanics: A catapult action for rapid limb protraction, Nature 421 (2003) 35–36.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H.W. Zhu, C.L. Xu, D.H. Wu, B.Q. Wei, R. Vajtai, P.M. Ajayan, Direct synthesis of long single-walled carbon nanotube strands, Science 296 (2002) 884–886.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R.L. Brauer, Safety and Health for Engineers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Z. Fang, R.L. Smith Jr., eds., Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Lignin, Springer, Singapore, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S.A. Kuczaj, L.E. Highfill, R.N. Makecha, H.C. Byerly, Why Do Dolphins Smile? A Comparative Perspective on Dolphin Emotions and Emotional Expressions, in: S. Watanabe, S. Kuczaj (Eds.), Emotions of Animals and Humans: Comparative Perspectives, Springer Japan, Tokyo, 2012: pp. 63–85.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Case Studies in Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Genetic Basis For Obesity Strengthened By New Studies, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/genetic-basis-obesity-strengthened-new-studies/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Student Consolidation Loans: Potential Effects of Making Fiscal Year 2006 Consolidation Loans Exclusively through the Direct Loan Program, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D.M. Burke, Enhancing the patient safety culture of ABSN students through instruction on medical error recovery, Doctoral dissertation, Capella University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Kelly, After Waco’s Inferno, an Inquisition That Insists on Rational Answers, New York Times (1993) 43.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Case Studies in Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing
ISSN (print)	2351-9886
Scope