How to format your references using the Cardiovascular Diabetology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cardiovascular Diabetology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Kawamura Y. Phase synchronization between collective rhythms of fully locked oscillator groups. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4832.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Padilla A, Gibson I. Science moves to centre stage. Nature. 2000;403:357–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Pfeifer R, Lungarella M, Iida F. Self-organization, embodiment, and biologically inspired robotics. Science. 2007;318:1088–93.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Fan J, Rosenfeld D, Zhang Y, Giangrande SE, Li Z, Machado LAT, et al. Substantial convection and precipitation enhancements by ultrafine aerosol particles. Science. 2018;359:411–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Snell RS, Lemp MA. Clinical Anatomy of the Eye. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd,.; 1997.

An edited book

1. Jervis MA, editor. Insects As Natural Enemies: A Practical Perspective. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. L’Hostis A. Theoretical Models of Time-Space: The Role of Transport Networks in the Shrinking and Shrivelling of Geographical Space. In: Rozenblat C, Melançon G, editors. Methods for Multilevel Analysis and Visualisation of Geographical Networks. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013. p. 55–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cardiovascular Diabetology.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Lab Experiment Accidentally Gave Students Caffeine Dose Equal To 300 Coffees [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/lab-experiment-accidentally-gave-students-caffeine-dose-equal-to-300-coffees/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Technology Transfer: Federal Laboratory Consortium Should Increase Communication with Potential Customers to Improve Initiatives. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Oct. Report No.: GAO-15-127.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Prosky J. Meisner and the problem of character [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Rawlence B. The First Rule of Book Club Is . . . New York Times. 2017 Jan 27;BR25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cardiovascular Diabetology
Abbreviation	Cardiovasc. Diabetol.
ISSN (online)	1475-2840
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism