How to format your references using the Cardiovascular Diabetology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cardiovascular Diabetology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Stone R. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS: CERN Link Breathes Life Into Russian Physics. Science. 2000;290:250–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Hauser MD, Bever T. Behavior. A biolinguistic agenda. Science. 2008;322:1057–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Li C, de Grijs R, Deng L. The exclusion of a significant range of ages in a massive star cluster. Nature. 2014;516:367–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kassar-Duchossoy L, Gayraud-Morel B, Gomès D, Rocancourt D, Buckingham M, Shinin V, et al. Mrf4 determines skeletal muscle identity in Myf5:Myod double-mutant mice. Nature. 2004;431:466–71.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Dooner DB. Kinematic Geometry of Gearing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

1. Bischof C, Hegering H-G, Nagel WE, Wittum G, editors. Competence in High Performance Computing 2010: Proceedings of an International Conference on Competence in High Performance Computing, June 2010, Schloss Schwetzingen, Germany. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Papadimitriou CH. The Computation of Equilibria. In: Deng X, Graham FC, editors. Internet and Network Economics: Third International Workshop, WINE 2007, San Diego, CA, USA, December 12-14, 2007 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. p. 5–6.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cardiovascular Diabetology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Bonobo Observed Giving Birth In The Wild For The First Time [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bonobo-birth-witnessed-wild-first-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Health Careers Opportunity Program: Process for Awarding Competitive Grants Included Independent Review. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007 Feb. Report No.: GAO-07-137.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Bladen L. Relationship of Embodied Nursing Knowledge and Client Outcomes in Home Health [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly C. Higher Profile for a Little-Known Foundation. New York Times. 2000 Jun 4;14WC8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cardiovascular Diabetology
Abbreviation	Cardiovasc. Diabetol.
ISSN (online)	1475-2840
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism