How to format your references using the Carbohydrate Polymers citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Carbohydrate Polymers. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dixon, K. W. (2009). Pollination and restoration. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5940), 571–573.

A journal article with 2 authors

Costello, E. K., & Relman, D. A. (2014). Population health: immaturity in the gut microbial community. Nature, 510(7505), 344–345.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kusky, T. M., Li, J. H., & Tucker, R. D. (2001). The Archean Dongwanzi ophiolite complex, North China craton: 2.505-billion-year-old oceanic crust and mantle. Science (New York, N.Y.), 292(5519), 1142–1145.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Di, Z., Li-Xia, P., Ze-Ming, Q., Biao-Bing, J., & Xi, Y. (2014). Novel ultra-low temperature co-fired microwave dielectric ceramic at 400 degrees and its chemical compatibility with base metal. Scientific Reports, 4, 5980.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

P. Wen, E., Ellis, R., & S. Pujar, N. (2014). Vaccine Development and Manufacturing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Jones, C., Pihlajasaari, P., & Sun, J. (Eds.). (2014). FM 2014: Formal Methods: 19th International Symposium, Singapore, May 12-16, 2014. Proceedings (Vol. 8442). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Schmitt, D., & Gollnick, V. (2016). Aircraft Characteristics. In V. Gollnick (Ed.), Air Transport System (pp. 107–155). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Carbohydrate Polymers.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016, August 31). Here’s Why You Should Be Sleeping Naked. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/here-s-why-you-should-be-sleeping-naked/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). Aviation Safety: FAA Oversight of Aviation Repair Stations (T-RCED-98-188). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Banerjee, S. (2013). A mathematical model for the transition in firing patterns across puberty of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Moy, J. (2017, October 9). A Bridge That Spans Cultures. New York Times, A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dixon, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Costello & Relman, 2014; Dixon, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Costello & Relman, 2014)
Three authors: (Kusky et al., 2001)
6 or more authors: (Di et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Carbohydrate Polymers
Abbreviation	Carbohydr. Polym.
ISSN (print)	0144-8617
Scope	Organic Chemistry Materials Chemistry Polymers and Plastics