How to format your references using the Carbohydrate Polymers citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Carbohydrate Polymers. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rosswog, S. (2004). Astronomy. Short gamma-ray bursts. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5654), 46–47.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kaufman, M. T., & Churchland, A. K. (2013). Cognitive neuroscience: sensory noise drives bad decisions. Nature, 496(7444), 172–173.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sambanis, N., Schulhofer-Wohl, J., & Shayo, M. (2012). Social psychology. Parochialism as a central challenge in counterinsurgency. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6083), 805–808.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Scheffer, M., Bascompte, J., Brock, W. A., Brovkin, V., Carpenter, S. R., Dakos, V., Held, H., van Nes, E. H., Rietkerk, M., & Sugihara, G. (2009). Early-warning signals for critical transitions. Nature, 461(7260), 53–59.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lueder, E. (2011). 3D Displays. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Zhou, J.-N. (2016). The Tree Shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates (N. Rong-Jun, Ed.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Vadicherla, T., & Saravanan, D. (2014). Textiles and Apparel Development Using Recycled and Reclaimed Fibers. In S. S. Muthu (Ed.), Roadmap to Sustainable Textiles and Clothing: Eco-friendly Raw Materials, Technologies, and Processing Methods (pp. 139–160). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Carbohydrate Polymers.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, September 21). Surprise Finding Suggests Diabetes Drug Could Release Rather Than Prevent Blood Sugar. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Information Technology: Consistently Applying Best Practices Could Help IRS Improve the Reliability of Reported Cost and Schedule Information (GAO-13-401). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hintz, L. (2015). Fighting for Us, Inside and Out: National Identity Contestation and Foreign Policy in Turkey [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sutherland, J. (2016, October 28). He Loved Opium, Murder and Wordsworth. New York Times, BR22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rosswog, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Kaufman & Churchland, 2013; Rosswog, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kaufman & Churchland, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Scheffer et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Carbohydrate Polymers
Abbreviation	Carbohydr. Polym.
ISSN (print)	0144-8617
Scope	Organic Chemistry Materials Chemistry Polymers and Plastics