How to format your references using the Cancers citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cancers. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nestler, E.J. Neurobiology. Total Recall-the Memory of Addiction. Science 2001, 292, 2266–2267.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ettema, T.J.G.; Andersson, S.G.E. Comment on “A 3-Hydroxypropionate/4-Hydroxybutyrate Autotrophic Carbon Dioxide Assimilation Pathway in Archaea.” Science 2008, 321, 342; author reply 342.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ravishankara, A.R.; Daniel, J.S.; Portmann, R.W. Nitrous Oxide (N2O): The Dominant Ozone-Depleting Substance Emitted in the 21st Century. Science 2009, 326, 123–125.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Logothetis, N.K.; Pauls, J.; Augath, M.; Trinath, T.; Oeltermann, A. Neurophysiological Investigation of the Basis of the FMRI Signal. Nature 2001, 412, 150–157.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Park, S.; Guille-Escuret, G. Sociobiology vs Socioecology; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2017; ISBN 9781119427377.

An edited book

Graph Drawing: 19th International Symposium, GD 2011, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, September 21-23, 2011, Revised Selected Papers; Kreveld, M. van, Speckmann, B., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012; Vol. 7034; ISBN 9783642258770.

A chapter in an edited book

Zneika, M.; Lucchese, C.; Vodislav, D.; Kotzinos, D. RDF Graph Summarization Based on Approximate Patterns. In Information Search, Integration, and Personalization: 10th International Workshop, ISIP 2015, Grand Forks, ND, USA, October 1-2, 2015, Revised Selected Papers; Grant, E., Kotzinos, D., Laurent, D., Spyratos, N., Tanaka, Y., Eds.; Communications in Computer and Information Science; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2016; pp. 69–87 ISBN 9783319438610.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cancers.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Real Paleo Diet: Early Hominids Ate Just About Everything Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/real-paleo-diet-early-hominids-ate-just-about-everything/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Underinflated Tires in the United States; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2007;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Casem, J. Moku Ka Pawa: Drawn to the Light. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bittman, M. Feast in a Day. New York Times 2012, MM38.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cancers
Abbreviation	Cancers (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2072-6694
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology