How to format your references using the Cancer and Metastasis Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schiermeier, Q. (2000). German Greens go cold on nuclear fusion. Nature, 405(6783), 107.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nair, S., & Schilling, T. F. (2008). Chemokine signaling controls endodermal migration during zebrafish gastrulation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 322(5898), 89–92.

A journal article with 3 authors

McCulloh, K. A., Sperry, J. S., & Adler, F. R. (2003). Water transport in plants obeys Murray’s law. Nature, 421(6926), 939–942.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Tsutsui, K.-I., Sakata, H., Naganuma, T., & Taira, M. (2002). Neural correlates for perception of 3D surface orientation from texture gradient. Science (New York, N.Y.), 298(5592), 409–412.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Reeder, L. (2010). Guide to Green Building Rating Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Molina, Á. (2016). Pulse Voltammetry in Physical Electrochemistry and Electroanalysis: Theory and Applications. (J. González, Ed.). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Castro, F. A., Silva Santos, C. M. P., & Palma, J. M. L. M. (2008). Parallelisation of the CFD Code of a CFD-NWP Coupled System for the Simulation of Atmospheric Flows over Complex Terrain. In J. M. L. M. Palma, P. R. Amestoy, M. Daydé, M. Mattoso, & J. C. Lopes (Eds.), High Performance Computing for Computational Science - VECPAR 2008: 8th International Conference, Toulouse, France, June 24-27, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (pp. 27–38). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cancer and Metastasis Reviews.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, July 9). Ancient “Monster” Sea Scorpions Were Gentle Giants. IFLScience. IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-monster-sea-scorpions-were-gentle-giants/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2000). Federal Communications Commission: Assessment and Collection of Regulatory Fees for Fiscal Year 2000 (No. OGC-00-50). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Murdock, M. (2010). Memoir as contemporary myth (Doctoral dissertation). Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY, J. C., Jr. (2017, May 3). Man Gets Maximum Sentence in Bus Driver’s Death. New York Times, p. A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
Abbreviation	Cancer Metastasis Rev.
ISSN (print)	0167-7659
ISSN (online)	1573-7233
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology