How to format your references using the Canadian Psychology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Psychology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Woolston, C. (2015). Breast cancer: 4 big questions. Nature, 527(7578), S120.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nandy, D., & Choudhuri, A. R. (2002). Explaining the latitudinal distribution of sunspots with deep meridional flow. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5573), 1671–1673.

A journal article with 3 authors

Meylan, E., Tschopp, J., & Karin, M. (2006). Intracellular pattern recognition receptors in the host response. Nature, 442(7098), 39–44.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Dixon, M. J., Smilek, D., Cudahy, C., & Merikle, P. M. (2000). Five plus two equals yellow. Nature, 406(6794), 365.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Misstear, B., Banks, D., & Clark, L. (2017). Water Wells and Boreholes. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Nava, S. (2010). Ventilazione meccanica non invasiva: Come, quando e perché (F. Fanfulla, Ed.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Castellano, G., Fanelli, A. M., & Torsello, M. A. (2013). Web Usage Mining: Discovering Usage Patterns for Web Applications. In J. D. Velásquez, V. Palade, & L. C. Jain (Eds.), Advanced Techniques in Web Intelligence-2: Web User Browsing Behaviour and Preference Analysis (pp. 75–104). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Psychology.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2015, October 19). Crossing When Black? It’ll Take Longer. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/crossing-when-black-itll-take-longer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1982). NSF’s Award of Two Research Vessels Met Requirements (PAD-82-14). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Leonard Puppa, E. L. (2010). Duration of case management: Correlation with Medicaid pediatric patient outcomes [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, J. (2017, March 3). Carson McCullers at 100. New York Times, BR4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Woolston, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Nandy & Choudhuri, 2002; Woolston, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nandy & Choudhuri, 2002)
Three authors: (Meylan et al., 2006)
6 or more authors: (Dixon et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Psychology
Abbreviation	Can. Psychol.
ISSN (print)	0708-5591
ISSN (online)	1878-7304
Scope	General Psychology