How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marrucci, G. (2003). Materials science. Polymers go with the flow. Science (New York, N.Y.), 301(5640), 1681–1682.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suit, H. D., & Willers, H. (2003). Comment on “Tumor response to radiotherapy regulated by endothelial cell apoptosis” (I). Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5652), 1894; author reply 1894.

A journal article with 3 authors

Thomson, K. S., Sutton, M., & Thomas, B. (2003). A larval Devonian lungfish. Nature, 426(6968), 833–834.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Reischauer, S., Stone, O. A., Villasenor, A., Chi, N., Jin, S.-W., Martin, M., Lee, M. T., Fukuda, N., Marass, M., Witty, A., Fiddes, I., Kuo, T., Chung, W.-S., Salek, S., Lerrigo, R., Alsiö, J., Luo, S., Tworus, D., Augustine, S. M., … Stainier, D. Y. R. (2018). Corrigendum: Cloche is a bHLH-PAS transcription factor that drives haemato-vascular specification. Nature, 555(7697), 543.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pardoe, I. (2006). Applied Regression Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Wu, Z. (2014). Earthquake Phenomenology from the Field: The April 20, 2013, Lushan Earthquake (C. Jiang, X. Li, G. Li, & Z. Ding, Eds.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Rozario, R., Ortlieb, E., & Rennie, J. (2016). Interactivity and Mobile Technologies: An Activity Theory Perspective. In D. Churchill, J. Lu, T. K. F. Chiu, & B. Fox (Eds.), Mobile Learning Design: Theories and Application (pp. 63–82). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016, August 8). The Most Incredible Meteor Shower In A Decade Will Peak This Week. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-perseid-meteor-shower-will-be-even-more-amazing-than-usual-next-week/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). 911 Services: Most States Used 911 Funds for Intended Purposes, but FCC Could Improve Its Reporting on States’ Use of Funds (GAO-13-376). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Buckley, M. (2009). Weaving Into the Glimmer [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

James Woolsey, R., & Fox, B. J. (2017, August 3). To Protect Voting, Use Open-Source. New York Times, A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marrucci, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Marrucci, 2003; Suit & Willers, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Suit & Willers, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Reischauer et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy
Abbreviation	Can. J. Occup. Ther.
ISSN (print)	0008-4174
Scope	Occupational Therapy