How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kavanaugh MP. Accessing a transporter structure. Nature. 2004;431(7010):752-753.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vaquero LM, Cebrian M. The rich club phenomenon in the classroom. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1174.

A journal article with 3 authors

Otto SB, Rall BC, Brose U. Allometric degree distributions facilitate food-web stability. Nature. 2007;450(7173):1226-1229.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Rasoloniaina A, Huet V, Nguyên TKN, et al. Controling the coupling properties of active ultrahigh-Q WGM microcavities from undercoupling to selective amplification. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4023.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wing C. How Your House Works. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Gansäuer A, ed. Radicals in Synthesis I. Vol 263. Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Deeg KH. Doppler Sonography of the Abdominal Vessels. In: Rupprecht T, Hofbeck M, eds. Doppler Sonography in Infancy and Childhood. Springer International Publishing; 2015:273-309.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Cardiology.

Blog post

Taub B. Blood Biomarkers Help Unravel The Mystery Of Gulf War Illness. IFLScience. July 12, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/blood-biomarkers-help-unravel-mystery-gulf-war-illness/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA Aeronautics: Protecting Sensitive Technology. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hoefer PD. A David against Goliath: The American Veterans Committee’s Challenge to the American Legion in the 1950s. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Where “You Have a Hole in One” Doesn’t Mean You Have a Cavity. New York Times. August 20, 2000:145.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Cardiology
Abbreviation	Can. J. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	0828-282X
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine