How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gerard C. Biomedicine. Asthmatics breathe easier when it’s SNO-ing. Science. 2005;308(5728):1560-1561.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jacoby CA, Frazer TK. Eutrophication: time to adjust expectations. Science. 2009;324(5928):723-724; author reply 724-5.

A journal article with 3 authors

DeRenzo C, Reese KJ, Seydoux G. Exclusion of germ plasm proteins from somatic lineages by cullin-dependent degradation. Nature. 2003;424(6949):685-689.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Vignuzzi M, Stone JK, Arnold JJ, Cameron CE, Andino R. Quasispecies diversity determines pathogenesis through cooperative interactions in a viral population. Nature. 2006;439(7074):344-348.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Estampe D. Supply Chain Performance and Evaluation Models. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

Graimann B, Pfurtscheller G, Allison B, eds. Brain-Computer Interfaces: Revolutionizing Human-Computer Interaction. Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Greiner W, Reinhardt J. Summary: The Feynman Rules of QED. In: Reinhardt J, ed. Quantum Electrodynamics. Springer; 2009:243-253.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Cardiology.

Blog post

Andrews R. 815-Million-Year-Old “Time Capsule” Reveals Atmosphere Breathed By Earth’s Very First Animals. IFLScience. Published July 26, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/815millionyearold-time-capsule-reveals-atmosphere-breathed-by-earths-very-first-animals/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Joint Strike Fighter: Restructuring Should Improve Outcomes, but Progress Is Still Lagging Overall. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Darnell C. Sharecropping in Higher Education: Case Study of the Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University - Florida State University Joint College of Engineering. Doctoral dissertation. Indiana University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. The Most Crucial Battles Will Be Off the Field. New York Times. September 5, 2010:SP11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Cardiology
Abbreviation	Can. J. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	0828-282X
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine