How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Animal Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Animal Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Doney, S.C. 2010. The growing human footprint on coastal and open-ocean biogeochemistry. Science 328: 1512–1516.

A journal article with 2 authors

Frank, M.C., and Goodman, N.D. 2012. Predicting pragmatic reasoning in language games. Science 336: 998.

A journal article with 3 authors

Daubin, V., Moran, N.A., and Ochman, H. 2003. Phylogenetics and the cohesion of bacterial genomes. Science 301: 829–832.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sano, Y., Kawayama, I., Tabata, M., Salek, K.A., Murakami, H., Wang, M., Vajtai, R., Ajayan, P.M., Kono, J., and Tonouchi, M. 2014. Imaging molecular adsorption and desorption dynamics on graphene using terahertz emission spectroscopy. Sci. Rep. 4: 6046.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Prutchi, D., and Prutchi, S.R. 2012. Exploring Quantum Physics Through Hands-On Projects. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Karahan, M., Kerkhoffs, G.M.M.J., Randelli, P., and Tuijthof, G.J.M. (eds.) 2015. Effective Training of Arthroscopic Skills. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Ashbee, H.R., and Bond, R. 2010. Malassezia Species and Immunity: Host–Pathogen Interactions. Pages 139–173 in T. Boekhout, P. Mayser, E. Guého-Kellermann, and A. Velegraki, eds. Malassezia and the Skin: Science and Clinical Practice. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Animal Science.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2015.November 13. Just One Antibiotic Treatment Can Alter Your Gut Microbiome For A Year. IFLScience. [Online] Available: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/just-one-antibiotic-treatment-can-alter-your-gut-microbiome-months/ [2018 Oct. 30].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 2000. Public Education: Commercial Activities in Schools. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Oates, P.E. 2009. Leadership transactions impacting transformation. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, T., and Fernandez, M. 2016.September 21. Victim Posed No Threat to Police, Family Says. New York Times: A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Doney 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Doney 2010; Frank and Goodman 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Frank and Goodman 2012)
Three or more authors: (Sano et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Animal Science
Abbreviation	Can. J. Anim. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0008-3984
ISSN (online)	1918-1825
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Food Animals