How to format your references using the Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Lorenz R. Computational mathematics. Full steam ahead-probably. Science 2003;299:837–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bilham R, Gaur V. Geophysics. Buildings as weapons of mass destruction. Science 2013;341:618–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Walker JR, Corpina RA, Goldberg J. Structure of the Ku heterodimer bound to DNA and its implications for double-strand break repair. Nature 2001;412:607–14.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Partridge GB, Li W, Kamar RI, Liao Y-A, Hulet RG. Pairing and phase separation in a polarized Fermi gas. Science 2006;311:503–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lacava A, Bogucki J, Bedrytski A, de Detrich M, Neil B. Professional Scala. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Veasey SC, editor. Oxidative Neural Injury. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Cao Y, Leroux P, Steyaert M. Radiation Hardened Bandgap References. In: Leroux P, Steyaert M, editors. Radiation-Tolerant Delta-Sigma Time-to-Digital Converters, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 69–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Would You get Married in a Church Made From Living Trees? IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/would-you-get-married-living-green-church/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. ADP Acquisitions: No Improper Actions Found on IRS’ Contract for Data Retrieval System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Walther RL. Approaches to Stream Restoration: Practices in Missouri and Illinois. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kenigsberg B. The Nuptials Are Set. The Groom? TBD. New York Times 2017:C8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
Abbreviation	Can. Assoc. Radiol. J.
ISSN (print)	0846-5371
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging