How to format your references using the Canada Journal of Public Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canada Journal of Public Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hodes G. Applied physics. Perovskite-based solar cells. Science. 2013 Oct 18;342(6156):317–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Perlman PS, Boeke JD. Molecular biology. Ring around the retroelement. Science. 2004 Jan 9;303(5655):182–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fradkin E, Kivelson SA, Oganesyan V. Physics. Electron nematic phase in a transition metal oxide. Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):196–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Helmink BA, Tubbs AT, Dorsett Y, Bednarski JJ, Walker LM, Feng Z, et al. H2AX prevents CtIP-mediated DNA end resection and aberrant repair in G1-phase lymphocytes. Nature. 2011 Jan 13;469(7329):245–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Das JC. Understanding Symmetrical Components for Power System Modeling. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Goldstein S, Naglieri JA, editors. Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorders: Translating Science into Practice. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. XX, 354 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Nwaga D, Jansa J, Angue MA, Frossard E. The Potential of Soil Beneficial Micro-Organisms for Slash-and-Burn Agriculture in the Humid Forest Zone of Sub-Saharan Africa. In: Dion P, editor. Soil Biology and Agriculture in the Tropics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 81–107. (Soil Biology).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canada Journal of Public Health.

Blog post

Hale T. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Photos Of Florida Panther Kittens Show This Rare Subspecies Is On The Up. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/photos-of-florida-panther-kittens-show-this-rare-subspecies-is-on-the-up/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Federal Broadband Deployment Programs and Small Business. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Feb. Report No.: GAO-14-203.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gullett DL. Lived Experience of Suffering through the 2010 Earthquake in Haiti [Doctoral dissertation]. [Boca Raton, FL]: Florida Atlantic University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gaitskill M. An Unknowable Truth. New York Times. 2015 Dec 4;M2174.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Canada Journal of Public Health
Abbreviation	Can. J. Public Health
ISSN (print)	0008-4263
Scope	General Medicine Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health