How to format your references using the Calcolo citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Calcolo. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schultz, P.H.: Planetary science. Hidden Mars. Science. 318, 1080–1081 (2007)

A journal article with 2 authors

Sillanpää, M.A., Hakonen, P.J.: Optomechanics: Hardware for a quantum network. Nature. 507, 45, 47 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Berson, D.M., Dunn, F.A., Takao, M.: Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock. Science. 295, 1070–1073 (2002)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Paik, D.H., Lee, I.-R., Yang, D.-S., Baskin, J.S., Zewail, A.H.: Electrons in finite-sized water cavities: hydration dynamics observed in real time. Science. 306, 672–675 (2004)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

de Klerk, A.: Fischer-Tropsch Refining. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany (2011)

An edited book

Smith, L. ed: Clinical Practice at the Edge of Care: Developments in Working with At-Risk Children and their Families. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

A chapter in an edited book

Diao, L., Wang, D., Peng, Z., Guo, L.: Neural Dynamic Surface Control for Three-Phase PWM Voltage Source Rectifier. In: Hu, X., Xia, Y., Zhang, Y., and Zhao, D. (eds.) Advances in Neural Networks – ISNN 2015: 12th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2015, Jeju, South Korea, October 15-18, 2015, Proceedings. pp. 28–35. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2015)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Calcolo.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: Scientific Theories Aren’t Mere Conjecture – to Survive They Must Work, https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/scientific-theories-arent-mere-conjecture-to-survive-they-must-work/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Rural Utilities Service: Opportunities to Operate Electricity and Telecommunications Loan Programs More Effectively. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1998)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chakravarty, S.: Harvesting health: Fertilizer, nutrition and AIDS treatment in Kenya, (2009)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K.: QUICK BITE: Garwood; An Argument for a Pie Safe, (2005)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Calcolo
Abbreviation	Calcolo
ISSN (print)	0008-0624
ISSN (online)	1126-5434
Scope	Algebra and Number Theory Computational Mathematics