How to format your references using the Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chapman T. Breathing life into chemistry. Nature. 2004;430(7002):948-949.

A journal article with 2 authors

Smith BE, Braun RE. Germ cell migration across Sertoli cell tight junctions. Science. 2012;338(6108):798-802.

A journal article with 3 authors

Back JM, McCue SW, Moroney TJ. Including nonequilibrium interface kinetics in a continuum model for melting nanoscaled particles. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7066.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sundareshwar PV, Morris JT, Koepfler EK, Fornwalt B. Phosphorus limitation of coastal ecosystem processes. Science. 2003;299(5606):563-565.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hochstadt H. Integral Equations. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1988.

An edited book

Novitsky YW, ed. Hernia Surgery: Current Principles. Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Dharmarajan TS, Dharmarajan TS, Dharmarajan TS, et al. The Gastrointestinal System and Aging. In: Pitchumoni CS, Dharmarajan TS, eds. Geriatric Gastroenterology. Springer; 2012:33-47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Mysterious Traces Of Radioactive Iodine Detected Over Europe. IFLScience. February 21, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/mysterious-traces-of-radioactive-iodine-detected-over-europe/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Offshoring in Six Human Services Programs: Offshoring Occurs in Most States, Primarily in Customer Service and Software Development. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Momcheva IG. Environments of Strong Gravitational Lenses. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Indians’ Kluber Emerges as a Postseason Power. New York Times. October 31, 2016:D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy
ISSN (print)	1413-3555
Scope