How to format your references using the Brain Topography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brain Topography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gal-Yam A (2012) Luminous supernovae. Science 337:927–932

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu Y, Yan H (2009) Chemistry. Designer curvature. Science 325:685–686

A journal article with 3 authors

Huang X, Xu Y, Karato S-I (2005) Water content in the transition zone from electrical conductivity of wadsleyite and ringwoodite. Nature 434:746–749

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Follows MJ, Dutkiewicz S, Grant S, Chisholm SW (2007) Emergent biogeography of microbial communities in a model ocean. Science 315:1843–1846

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Aichinger M, Binder A (2013) A Workout in Computational Finance. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Honda N (2015) Virtual Turning Points. Springer Japan, Tokyo

A chapter in an edited book

Muller-Parker G, D’Elia CF, Cook CB (2015) Interactions Between Corals and Their Symbiotic Algae. In: Birkeland C (ed) Coral Reefs in the Anthropocene. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 99–116

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brain Topography.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Four ozone-depleting substances discovered. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/four-ozone-depleting-substances-discovered/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) Competition: Issues on Establishing and Using Federally Funded Research and Development Centers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Estrin JL (2014) Sitting in the Fire: An Exploration of Soul-Making in Prison. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2011) Subject Changes, But Ryan Talks On. New York Times B11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gal-Yam 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Liu and Yan 2009; Gal-Yam 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Yan 2009)
Three or more authors: (Follows et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Brain Topography
Abbreviation	Brain Topogr.
ISSN (print)	0896-0267
ISSN (online)	1573-6792
Scope	Anatomy Clinical Neurology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Neurology Radiological and Ultrasound Technology