How to format your references using the Brain Structure and Function citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brain Structure and Function. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rich P (2003) Chemiosmotic coupling: The cost of living. Nature 421:583

A journal article with 2 authors

Rauschenberger R, Yantis S (2001) Masking unveils pre-amodal completion representation in visual search. Nature 410:369–372

A journal article with 3 authors

Petersen J, Volz J, Rauschenbeutel A (2014) Nanophotonics. Chiral nanophotonic waveguide interface based on spin-orbit interaction of light. Science 346:67–71

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Khalifah P, Osborn R, Huang Q, et al (2002) Orbital ordering transition in La4Ru2O10. Science 297:2237–2240

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Goering H, Roos H-G, Tobiska L (2010) Die Finite-Elemente-Methode für Anfänger. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Cena L (2010) La relazione genitore-bambino: Dalla psicoanalisi infantile alle nuove prospettive evoluzionistiche dell’attaccamento. Springer, Milano

A chapter in an edited book

Filieri R (2016) How Young Chinese Consumers Choose among Different Smartphone Brands: The Importance of Socio-cultural and Marketing Factors. In: Dey B, Sorour K, Filieri R (eds) ICTs in Developing Countries: Research, Practices and Policy Implications. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp 59–73

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brain Structure and Function.

Blog post

Evans K (2017) When It Comes To Science, Liberals And Conservatives Agree Dinosaurs Are Awesome But That’s About It. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/when-it-comes-to-science-liberals-and-conservatives-agree-dinosaurs-are-awesome-but-thats-about-it/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1980) Space Industrialization Act of 1980. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ouyang A (2006) Embryonic Stem Cell Culture in Fibrous Bed Bioreactor. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2010) Football Culture Keeps Some In the Dark. New York Times B11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rich 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Rauschenberger and Yantis 2001; Rich 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rauschenberger and Yantis 2001)
Three or more authors: (Khalifah et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Brain Structure and Function
Abbreviation	Brain Struct. Funct.
ISSN (print)	1863-2653
ISSN (online)	1863-2661
Scope	Anatomy Histology General Neuroscience