How to format your references using the Brain Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brain Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Yellen, G. The Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels and Their Relatives. Nature 2002, 419, 35–42.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mongiat, L.A.; Schinder, A.F. Neuroscience. A Price to Pay for Adult Neurogenesis. Science 2014, 344, 594–595.

A journal article with 3 authors

Feurer, T.; Vaughan, J.C.; Nelson, K.A. Spatiotemporal Coherent Control of Lattice Vibrational Waves. Science 2003, 299, 374–377.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sharot, T.; Riccardi, A.M.; Raio, C.M.; Phelps, E.A. Neural Mechanisms Mediating Optimism Bias. Nature 2007, 450, 102–105.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vacca, J.R. Optical Networking Best Practices Handbook; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2006; ISBN 9780470075067.

An edited book

Plant Biology and Biotechnology: Volume I: Plant Diversity, Organization, Function and Improvement; Bahadur, B., Venkat Rajam, M., Sahijram, L., Krishnamurthy, K.V., Eds.; Springer India: New Delhi, 2015; ISBN 9788132222859.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhai, D.; Wu, Y.; Lu, J.; Yan, F. A Fuzzy Negotiation Model with Genetic Algorithms. In Integration and Innovation Orient to E-Society Volume 1: Seventh IFIP International Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society (I3E2007), October 10–12, Wuhan, China; Wang, W., Li, Y., Duan, Z., Yan, L., Li, H., Yang, X., Eds.; IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing; Springer US: Boston, MA, 2008; pp. 35–43 ISBN 9780387754659.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brain Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Watch A Colorblind Man See The World In Color For The First Time Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/watch-colorblind-man-experience-world-color-first-time-enchroma-glasses/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Alaskan Offshore Shipping: Changing Federal Regulation and Service; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1988;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Denno, D. Multiple Paths to First Grade: A Comparison of Child, Parent, and Early Education Variables Associated with Multiple Year Kindergarten Experiences. Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati: Cincinnati, OH, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED, M.J. Buffett Bets on Energy With $9 Billion Bid for Texas Utility. New York Times 2017, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Brain Sciences
Abbreviation	Brain Sci.
ISSN (online)	2076-3425
Scope