How to format your references using the Brain Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brain Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Behringer, R.R. Developmental Biology. Dance of the Embryo. Science 2007, 316, 697–698.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hor, H.; Tafti, M. Physiology. How Much Sleep Do We Need? Science 2009, 325, 825–826.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jeong, H.; Chang, A.M.; Melloch, M.R. The Kondo Effect in an Artificial Quantum Dot Molecule. Science 2001, 293, 2221–2223.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Diefenbach, A.; Jensen, E.R.; Jamieson, A.M.; Raulet, D.H. Rae1 and H60 Ligands of the NKG2D Receptor Stimulate Tumour Immunity. Nature 2001, 413, 165–171.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwartz, R.A.; Carew, M.G.; Maksimenko, T. Micro Markets Workbook; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2010; ISBN 9781118268100.

An edited book

Computer Vision Systems: 9th International Conference, ICVS 2013, St. Petersburg, Russia, July 16-18, 2013. Proceedings; Chen, M., Leibe, B., Neumann, B., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013; Vol. 7963; ISBN 9783642394010.

A chapter in an edited book

Bujak, A.; Śliwa, Z.; Gębczyńska, A. Technological Support for Logistics Transportation Systems. In Transport Systems Telematics: 10th Conference, TST 2010, Katowice – Ustroń, Poland, October 20-23, 2010. Selected Papers; Mikulski, J., Ed.; Communications in Computer and Information Science; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010; pp. 38–50 ISBN 9783642164712.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brain Sciences.

Blog post

Fang, J. 3D Printed Device Detoxifies Blood Like a Liver (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Transportation Security Administration’s Suspension of the Butane Lighter Ban Onboard Commercial Aircraft; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2008;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Larson, S.E. A Case of Rational Irrationality: Evidence of Expressive Interest Bias in State e-Commerce Sales and Use Tax Legislation. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University: Bloomington, IN, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Tackett, M. Winning? Political Bellwether Grows Tired Waiting for Trump to Deliver. New York Times 2017, A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Brain Sciences
Abbreviation	Brain Sci.
ISSN (online)	2076-3425
Scope