How to format your references using the Brain Connectivity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brain Connectivity (BRAIN). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Clawson D. Infrastructure. Tenure and the Future of the University. Science 2009;324(5931):1147–1148.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fu H and Cohen RE. Polarization Rotation Mechanism for Ultrahigh Electromechanical Response in Single-Crystal Piezoelectrics. Nature 2000;403(6767):281–283.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sánchez-Villagra MR, Aguilera O and Horovitz I. The Anatomy of the World’s Largest Extinct Rodent. Science 2003;301(5640):1708–1710.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bortnik J, Li W, Thorne RM, et al. An Observation Linking the Origin of Plasmaspheric Hiss to Discrete Chorus Emissions. Science 2009;324(5928):775–778.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ham BM. Proteomics of Biological Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ; 2011.

An edited book

Ma M, Fradinho Oliveira M and Madeiras Pereira J, (eds). Serious Games Development and Applications: Second International Conference, SGDA 2011, Lisbon, Portugal, September 19-20, 2011. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Redaelli A, Vesentini S, Gautieri A, et al. Multiscale Modeling of Diffusion Phenomena in Polymers. In: Materiomics: Multiscale Mechanics of Biological Materials and Structures. (Buehler MJ and Ballarini R. eds). CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences Springer: Vienna; 2013; pp. 71–86.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brain Connectivity.

Blog post

Luntz S. Plague Outbreak In USA Is Traced To Pet Dog. IFLScience; 2015. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/plague-outbreak-points-diagnosis-difficulties/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Business Systems Modernization: IRS Has Satisfied Congressional Direction on the Custodial Accounting Project. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Prasad AB. Analyzing Comparative Sequence Data to Understand Genome Function and Evolution. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University: Washington, DC; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dominus S. Leaving Carrie Behind. New York Times 2016;AR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Clawson, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Clawson, 2009; Fu and Cohen, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fu and Cohen, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Bortnik et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Brain Connectivity
ISSN (print)	2158-0014
ISSN (online)	2158-0022
Scope