How to format your references using the BMC Nutrition citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Nutrition. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Abbott A. Rumblings from the fringe. Nature. 2006;439:910–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Rice SA, Haselkorn R. Paul Mead Doty (1920-2011). Nature. 2012;481:266.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Sleutels F, Zwart R, Barlow DP. The non-coding Air RNA is required for silencing autosomal imprinted genes. Nature. 2002;415:810–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Mateja A, Szlachcic A, Downing ME, Dobosz M, Mariappan M, Hegde RS, et al. The structural basis of tail-anchored membrane protein recognition by Get3. Nature. 2009;461:361–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Hampel FR, Ronchetti EM, Rousseeuw PJ, Stahel WA. Robust Statistics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Gao F. Channel Estimation for Physical Layer Network Coding Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Benjamas N, Uthayopas P. An Impact of Scheduling Strategy to Parallel FI-Growth Data Mining Algorithm. In: Papasratorn B, Chutimaskul W, Porkaew K, Vanijja V, editors. Advances in Information Technology: Third International Conference, IAIT 2009, Bangkok, Thailand, December 1-5, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 39–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Nutrition.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. French Teenager Remains In Remission 12 Years After Stopping HIV Drugs. IFLScience. 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/french-teenager-remains-remission-12-years-after-stopping-hiv-drugs/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Analysis of Cost Estimates for the Space Shuttle and Two Alternate Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Sawant KG. A Chemo-Physical Model for Predicting Post Fracking Pressure Buildup in Pierre Shale. Doctoral dissertation. University of Louisiana; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Greenhouse L. Trump v. the Court. New York Times. 2017;:SR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Nutrition
Abbreviation	BMC Nutr.
ISSN (online)	2055-0928
Scope

Research and Writing Guides