How to format your references using the Blood Purification citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Blood Purification. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chakravarty S. Physics. From complexity to simplicity. Science. 2008 Feb;319(5864):735–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Quellmalz ES, Pellegrino JW. Technology and testing. Science. 2009 Jan;323(5910):75–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Roselló-Díez A, Ros MA, Torres M. Diffusible signals, not autonomous mechanisms, determine the main proximodistal limb subdivision. Science. 2011 May;332(6033):1086–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Shimojima M, Miyazawa T, Ikeda Y, McMonagle EL, Haining H, Akashi H, et al. Use of CD134 as a primary receptor by the feline immunodeficiency virus. Science. 2004 Feb;303(5661):1192–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abraham A. The Trend Following Bible. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Hawes JM, Glisan GB, editors. Proceedings of the 1987 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Leggett J. Supporting Critical Civic Learning with Interactive Technology. In: Schnee E, Better A, Clark Cummings M, editors. Civic Engagement Pedagogy in the Community College: Theory and Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016; pp 71–91.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Blood Purification.

Blog post

Andrew E. MDMA Investigated as Treatment for Social Anxiety in Autistic Adults [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 May [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/mdma-investigated-treatment-social-anxiety-autistic-adults/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Compensatory Education: Additional Funds Help More Private School Students Receive Chapter 1 Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Britt CA. Dying in America: A historical analysis of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia. 2012

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Horowitz J, Alderman L. Angry at E.U., Greece Warms to China’s Cash. New York Times. 2017 Aug;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Blood Purification
Abbreviation	Blood Purif.
ISSN (print)	0253-5068
ISSN (online)	1421-9735
Scope	General Medicine Hematology Nephrology