How to format your references using the Biotechnology and Bioengineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biotechnology and Bioengineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goldston D. 2009. Budget instructions. Nature 461:25.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jones-Smith K, Mathur H. 2006. Fractal Analysis: revisiting Pollock’s drip paintings. Nature 444:E9-10; discussion E10-11.

A journal article with 3 authors

Maffione M, Morris A, Anderson MW. 2013. Recognizing detachment-mode seafloor spreading in the deep geological past. Sci. Rep. 3:2336.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Struck TH, Paul C, Hill N, Hartmann S, Hösel C, Kube M, Lieb B, Meyer A, Tiedemann R, Purschke G, Bleidorn C. 2011. Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution. Nature 471:95–98.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bagdonavičius V, Julius K, Nikulin MS. 2011. Non-parametric Tests for Complete Data. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

U S-P. 2006. Design of Very High-Frequency Multirate Switched-Capacitor Circuits: Extending the Boundaries of CMOS Analog Front-End Filtering. Ed. Rui Paulo Martins, José Epifânio da Franca. Boston, MA: Springer US. Vol. 867 XXXII, 228 p p. The International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, Analog Circuits and Signal Processing.

A chapter in an edited book

Kachris C, Sirakoulis G, Soudris D. 2013. Performance Evaluation of Embedded Processor in MapReduce Cloud Computing Applications. In: Yousif, M, Schubert, L, editors. Cloud Computing: Third International Conference, CloudComp 2012, Vienna, Austria, September 24-26, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, pp. 43–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biotechnology and Bioengineering.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2014. Quantum Positioning Could Be 1000x More Accurate Than GPS. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/quantum-positioning-could-be-1000x-more-accurate-gps/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1992. Attack Warning: Status of the Survivable Communications Integration System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Strand K. 2014. Applying Public Relations Theory to Assess Service-Learning Relationships. Doctoral dissertation; Tampa, FL: University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J. 2017. How the Titan Who Terrified The New Yorker Ended Up Saving It. New York Times, October 2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goldston, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Goldston, 2009; Jones-Smith and Mathur, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jones-Smith and Mathur, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Struck et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Abbreviation	Biotechnol. Bioeng.
ISSN (print)	0006-3592
ISSN (online)	1097-0290
Scope	Biotechnology Bioengineering Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology