How to format your references using the Biotechnology and Bioengineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biotechnology and Bioengineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fauci AS. 2008. 25 years of HIV. Nature 453:289–290.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tenopir C, King DW. 2001. Lessons for the future of journals. Nature 413:672–674.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rojstaczer S, Sterling SM, Moore NJ. 2001. Human appropriation of photosynthesis products. Science 294:2549–2552.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hyman SD, Lazio TJW, Kassim NE, Ray PS, Markwardt CB, Yusef-Zadeh F. 2005. A powerful bursting radio source towards the Galactic Centre. Nature 434:50–52.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fisher RB, Breckon TP, Dawson-Howe K, Fitzgibbon A, Robertson C, Trucco E, Williams CKI. 2016. Dictionary of Computer Vision and Image Processing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Rehm G, Uszkoreit H eds. 2012. The Greek Language in the Digital Age. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer VI, 79 p. 24 illus. in color p. White Paper Series.

A chapter in an edited book

Schreiber R. 2007. Manycores in the Future. In: Perrott, R, Chapman, BM, Subhlok, J, Mello, RF de, Yang, LT, editors. High Performance Computing and Communications: Third International Conference, HPCC 2007, Houston, USA, September 26-28, 2007. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 5–5.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biotechnology and Bioengineering.

Blog post

Andrew D. 2017. Fidget Toys Aren’t Just Hype. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/fidget-toys-arent-just-hype/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2008. Telecommunications: Agencies Are Generally Following Sound Transition Planning Practices, and GSA Is Taking Action to Resolve Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brown JD. 2012. Disparity in healthcare among Black Americans in the United States, a review of the literature. Doctoral dissertation; Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. 2001. Singed From the Attack, Trees Find a Safer Home. New York Times, November 11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fauci, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Fauci, 2008; Tenopir and King, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tenopir and King, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Hyman et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Abbreviation	Biotechnol. Bioeng.
ISSN (print)	0006-3592
ISSN (online)	1097-0290
Scope	Biotechnology Bioengineering Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology