How to format your references using the BioRisk citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BioRisk. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bryant VM (2003) Archaeology. Invisible clues to New World plant domestication. Science (New York, N.Y.) 299: 1029–1030.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fyodorov DV, Kadonaga JT (2002) Dynamics of ATP-dependent chromatin assembly by ACF. Nature 418: 897–900.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang X, Minton TK, Zhang DH (2012) Chemistry. Rethinking chemical reactions at hyperthermal energies. Science (New York, N.Y.) 336: 1650–1651.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kogar A, Rak MS, Vig S, Husain AA, Flicker F, Joe YI, Venema L, MacDougall GJ, Chiang TC, Fradkin E, van Wezel J, Abbamonte P (2017) Signatures of exciton condensation in a transition metal dichalcogenide. Science (New York, N.Y.) 358: 1314–1317.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Martinsen U (2017) Kostenrechnung in der Bauwirtschaft. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Zhang W, Yang X, Xu Z, An P, Liu Q, Lu Y (Eds) (2012) 331 Advances on Digital Television and Wireless Multimedia Communications: 9th International Forum on Digital TV and Wireless Multimedia Communication, IFTC 2012, Shanghai, China, November 9-10, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, XIV, 517 p. 286 illus pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Xu Z, Hickey AJ (2011) The Physics of Aerosol Droplet and Particle Generation from Inhalers. In: Smyth HDC, Hickey AJ (Eds), Controlled Pulmonary Drug Delivery. Springer, New York, NY, 75–100.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BioRisk.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) SpaceX Files Protest Against Air Force Over National Security Launch Monopoly. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1971) Need To Remove More Low-Cost, Low-Usage Items From Inventories. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Masumdar S (2017) Vibration-based electromagnetic energy harvester for low-frequency road traffic. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oestreich JR (2016) Fond Paean Kicks Off a High-Profile Run. New York Times: C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bryant 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Fyodorov and Kadonaga 2002, Bryant 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fyodorov and Kadonaga 2002)
Three or more authors: (Kogar et al. 2017)

About the journal

Full journal title	BioRisk
ISSN (print)	1313-2644
ISSN (online)	1313-2652
Scope