How to format your references using the BioPsychoSocial Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BioPsychoSocial Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Cebrian J. ECOLOGY. Energy flows in ecosystems. Science. 2015;349:1053–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Reipurth B, Mikkola S. Formation of the widest binary stars from dynamical unfolding of triple systems. Nature. 2012;492:221–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Harker DE, Woodward CE, Wooden DH. The dust grains from 9P/Tempel 1 before and after the encounter with Deep Impact. Science. 2005;310:278–80.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Neff JC, Townsend AR, Gleixner G, Lehman SJ, Turnbull J, Bowman WD. Variable effects of nitrogen additions on the stability and turnover of soil carbon. Nature. 2002;419:915–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Cabaniss DL, Cherry S, Douglas CJ, Graver RL, Schwartz AR. Psychodynamic Formulation. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

1. Yilbas BS. Flexural Testing of Weld Site and HVOF Coating Characteristics. Al-Zaharnah I, Sahin A, editors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Herrmannsdoerfer M, Benz S, Juergens E. COPE - Automating Coupled Evolution of Metamodels and Models. In: Drossopoulou S, editor. ECOOP 2009 – Object-Oriented Programming: 23rd European Conference, Genoa, Italy, July 6-10, 2009 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 52–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BioPsychoSocial Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Astronomers Observe Star Dust Formation in Real Time [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-observe-star-dust-formation-real-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federal R&D Laboratories--Directors’ Perspectives on Management. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1979 Nov. Report No.: PSAD-80-8.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Skiold-Hanlin S. Functional and Ecological Aspects of the Mucus Trails of the Freshwater Gastropod Elimia potosiensis [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Walsh MW. California Debt Higher Than Earlier Estimates, a Task Force Reports. New York Times. 2012 Sep 21;A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BioPsychoSocial Medicine
Abbreviation	Biopsychosoc. Med.
ISSN (online)	1751-0759
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Biological Psychiatry General Psychology Social Psychology