How to format your references using the Biophysical Economics and Resource Quality citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biophysical Economics and Resource Quality. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schiermeier Q (2003) Climate change: the long road from Kyoto. Nature 426:756

A journal article with 2 authors

Zimmerman JB, Anastas PT (2015) Chemistry. Toward substitution with no regrets. Science 347:1198–1199

A journal article with 3 authors

Sachs JP, Anderson RF, Lehman SJ (2001) Glacial surface temperatures of the southeast Atlantic Ocean. Science 293:2077–2079

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Rosmi MS, Yusop MZ, Kalita G, et al (2014) Visualizing copper assisted graphene growth in nanoscale. Sci Rep 4:7563

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bajorski P (2011) Statistics for Imaging, Optics, and Photonics: Bajorski/Statistics for Imaging. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Sadeghi A-R, Naccache D (eds) (2010) Towards Hardware-Intrinsic Security: Foundations and Practice. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Kari J (2012) Cellular Automata, the Collatz Conjecture and Powers of 3/2. In: Yen H-C, Ibarra OH (eds) Developments in Language Theory: 16th International Conference, DLT 2012, Taipei, Taiwan, August 14-17, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 40–49

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biophysical Economics and Resource Quality.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) 85,000 Endangered Antelopes Die Mysteriously In Just One Day. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/saiga-antelopes-dying-unprecedented-rates/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2010) Telecommunications: The Proposed Performance Rights Act Would Result in Additional Costs for Broadcast Radio Stations and Additional Revenue for Record Companies, Musicians, and Performers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Boylan SA (2017) An exploratory case study: U. S. Army’s leadership development for organizational leaders. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart S (2014) Efrem Zimbalist Jr., Actor of Authority, Dies at 95. New York Times A27

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schiermeier 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Schiermeier 2003; Zimmerman and Anastas 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zimmerman and Anastas 2015)
Three or more authors: (Rosmi et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biophysical Economics and Resource Quality
Abbreviation	Biophys. Econ. Resour. Qual.
ISSN (print)	2366-0112
ISSN (online)	2366-0120
Scope