How to format your references using the BioMetals citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BioMetals. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Atreya S (2007) Planetary science. Titan’s organic factory. Science 316:843–845

A journal article with 2 authors

Demmig-Adams B, Adams WW 3rd (2002) Antioxidants in photosynthesis and human nutrition. Science 298:2149–2153

A journal article with 3 authors

Friedberg EC, Wagner R, Radman M (2002) Specialized DNA polymerases, cellular survival, and the genesis of mutations. Science 296:1627–1630

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kozuka Y, Kim M, Bell C, et al (2009) Two-dimensional normal-state quantum oscillations in a superconducting heterostructure. Nature 462:487–490

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

van Helvoort H (2006) SDH/SONET Explained in Functional Models. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Huang D-S, Jo K-H, Lee H-H, et al (eds) (2009) Emerging Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications: 5th International Conference on Intelligent Computing, ICIC 2009, Ulsan, South Korea, September 16-19, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Kryszkiewicz M, Lasek P (2008) FUN: Fast Discovery of Minimal Sets of Attributes Functionally Determining a Decision Attribute. In: Peters JF, Skowron A, Rybiński H (eds) Transactions on Rough Sets IX. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 76–95

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BioMetals.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Fallstreak holes, aka Hole Punch Clouds. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/fallstreak-holes-aka-hole-punch-clouds/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) Student Loans: Oversight of Servicemembers’ Interest Rate Cap Could Be Strengthened. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Iniguez D (2013) Mentoring through performing arts; A grant proposal for at risk youth in middle school. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S (2008) Russian Leaders Attend Patriarch’s Funeral. New York Times A16

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Atreya 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Demmig-Adams and Adams 2002; Atreya 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Demmig-Adams and Adams 2002)
Three or more authors: (Kozuka et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	BioMetals
Abbreviation	Biometals
ISSN (print)	0966-0844
ISSN (online)	1572-8773
Scope	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Biomaterials Metals and Alloys