How to format your references using the BioMedicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BioMedicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Marx V. Proteomics: An atlas of expression. Nature 2014;509:645–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Madin JS, Connolly SR. Ecological consequences of major hydrodynamic disturbances on coral reefs. Nature 2006;444:477–80.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Lee J, Abdeen AA, Kilian KA. Rewiring mesenchymal stem cell lineage specification by switching the biophysical microenvironment. Sci Rep 2014;4:5188.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

te Welscher P, Zuniga A, Kuijper S, Drenth T, Goedemans HJ, Meijlink F, et al. Progression of vertebrate limb development through SHH-mediated counteraction of GLI3. Science 2002;298:827–30.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lowman M. A Practical Guide to Analytics for Governments. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

[1]

Kool VK. Psychology of Technology. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Osawa T, Julimantoro S. Study of Fishery Ground Around Indonesia Archipelago Using Remote Sensing Data. In: Sumi A, Fukushi K, Hiramatsu A, editors. Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies for Climate Change, Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2010, p. 57–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BioMedicine.

Blog post

[1]

Davis J. Genetically Engineered Bacteria Could Detect Cancer And Tell You By Making Your Pee Glow. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/diagnosing-cancer-probiotic-bacteria/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Readiness of Key State-Administered Federal Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Jordan EA. The semiconductor industry and emerging technologies: A study using a modified Delphi method. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Barron J. Now Arriving on the New York Subway: Free E-Books, Timed for Your Commute. New York Times 2016:A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BioMedicine
ISSN (print)	2211-8020
Scope