How to format your references using the BioMedicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BioMedicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Greenspan NS. You can’t have it all. Nature 2001;409:137.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bowerman B, O’Rourke SM. Development. Pushing your back into place. Science 2012;336:984–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Park HH, Woo K, Ahn J-P. Core-shell bimetallic nanoparticles robustly fixed on the outermost surface of magnetic silica microspheres. Sci Rep 2013;3:1497.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Gibbs DJ, Lee SC, Isa NM, Gramuglia S, Fukao T, Bassel GW, et al. Homeostatic response to hypoxia is regulated by the N-end rule pathway in plants. Nature 2011;479:415–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Chu PP. Embedded SoPC Design with Nios II Processor and VHDL Examples. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Dulea M, Karaivanova A, Oulas A, Liabotis I, Stojiljkovic D, Prnjat O, editors. High-Performance Computing Infrastructure for South East Europe’s Research Communities: Results of the HP-SEE User Forum 2012. vol. 2. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Oxley JC. What’s Special About Liquid Explosives? In: Schubert H, Kuznetsov A, editors. Detection of Liquid Explosives and Flammable Agents in Connection with Terrorism, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2008, p. 27–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BioMedicine.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. New Paper Explains How The “Impossible’ EM Drive Might Work. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/new-paper-explains-how-the-impossible-em-drive-might-work/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. The Guaranteed Student Loan Information System Needs a Thorough Redesign To Account for the Expenditure of Billions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Burns KN. Impact of Cognitive Tasks on Gait Parameters in Collegiate Athletes. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kishkovsky S. Russian Leaders Attend Installation of Orthodox Patriarch. New York Times 2009:A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BioMedicine
ISSN (print)	2211-8020
Scope