How to format your references using the Biomedical Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedical Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spoor F: Palaeoanthropology: The middle Pliocene gets crowded. Nature 521: 432–433, 2015.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nakar E and Piran T: Detectable radio flares following gravitational waves from mergers of binary neutron stars. Nature 478: 82–84, 2011.

A journal article with 3 authors

Qvarnström A, Pärt T and Sheldon BC: Adaptive plasticity in mate preference linked to differences in reproductive effort. Nature 405: 344–347, 2000.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Flores ER, Tsai KY, Crowley D, Sengupta S, Yang A, McKeon F and Jacks T: p63 and p73 are required for p53-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Nature 416: 560–564, 2002.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Raz D, Juhola A, Serrat-Fernandez J and Galis A: Fast and Efficient Context-Aware Services. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2006.

An edited book

Rijs AM and Oomens J: Gas-Phase IR Spectroscopy and Structure of Biological Molecules. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Vielberg HA: Valve-gear: A contribution to development of artificial cardiac valves. In: World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany: Vol. 25/10 Biomaterials, Cellular and Tussue Engineering, Artificial Organs. Dössel O and Schlegel WC (eds.) Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp13–15, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedical Reports.

Blog post

Andrew E: Scientists Discover Music Evolves Like A Living Species. IFLScience, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: National Mediation Board Mandates in the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Trahan MW: Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records., 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S: Still a Fan Favorite. New York Times: D4, 2000.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedical Reports
Abbreviation	Biomed. Rep.
ISSN (print)	2049-9434
ISSN (online)	2049-9442
Scope	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine General Neuroscience General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics