How to format your references using the Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mayer G. Rigid biological systems as models for synthetic composites. Science. 2005 Nov 18;310(5751):1144–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chin L, Gray JW. Translating insights from the cancer genome into clinical practice. Nature. 2008 Apr 3;452(7187):553–63.

A journal article with 3 authors

Helle S, Lummaa V, Jokela J. Sons reduced maternal longevity in preindustrial humans. Science. 2002 May 10;296(5570):1085.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Graham DW, Lupton JE, Spera FJ, Christie DM. Upper-mantle dynamics revealed by helium isotope variations along the southeast Indian ridge. Nature. 2001 Feb 8;409(6821):701–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sahinoglu M. Cyber-Risk Informatics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

Sachdev PL. Large Time Asymptotics for Solutions of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations. Srinivasa Rao C, editor. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. VIII, 231 p. (Springer Monographs in Mathematics).

A chapter in an edited book

Nason RW, Pathak KA. Surgical Management of Oral Cancer. In: Pathak KA, Nason RW, editors. Controversies in Oral Cancer. New Delhi: Springer India; 2012. p. 45–50. (Head and Neck Cancer Clinics).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Experimental Greenhouses Grow Strawberries Underwater. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/underwater-greenhouses-produce-delicious-strawberries-italy/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Financial Management Systems: Additional Efforts Needed to Address Key Causes of Modernization Failures. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Mar. Report No.: GAO-06-184.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams K. The lexicographic treatment of color terms [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Longman J. For the World’s Best Players, Italy Isn’t the Lure It Once Was. New York Times. 2009 Jun 12;B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal
Abbreviation	Biomed. Imaging Interv. J.
ISSN (online)	1823-5530
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology