How to format your references using the Biomatter citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomatter. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bradley A. Mining the mouse genome. Nature 2002; 420:512–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lessard J, Sauvageau G. Bmi-1 determines the proliferative capacity of normal and leukaemic stem cells. Nature 2003; 423:255–60.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tamisiea ME, Mitrovica JX, Davis JL. GRACE gravity data constrain ancient ice geometries and continental dynamics over Laurentia. Science 2007; 316:881–3.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Xiong S, Xi B, Zhang K, Chen Y, Jiang J, Hu J, Zeng HC. Ag nanoprisms with Ag₂S attachment. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2177.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhurin VV. Industrial Ion Sources. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2011.

An edited book

Butusov M. Phosphorus: An Element that could have been called Lucifer. New York, NY: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Brown DW, Duchane DV, Heiken G, Hriscu VT. Planning and Drilling of the Phase II Boreholes. In: Duchane DV, Heiken G, Hriscu VT, editors. Mining the Earth’s Heat: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. page 237–312.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomatter.

Blog post

Hale T. This Swallowable Origami Robot Can Retrieve Stuff From Your Stomach [Internet]. IFLScience2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/swallowable-origami-robot-can-retrieve-stuff-your-stomach/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Study of Certain Management Practices at the National Institute of Education. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cebada-Ricalde MC. Synthesis and characterization of PANI-coated VGCNFs and evaluation of its use for corrosion inhibition. 2014;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. It’s Form, Not Dysfunction, on Final Day. New York Times2011; :B16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomatter
Abbreviation	Biomatter
ISSN (print)	2159-2527
ISSN (online)	2159-2535
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Biomaterials General Medicine Medicine (miscellaneous)