How to format your references using the Biomatter citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomatter. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stanley GD Jr. Ecology. Photosymbiosis and the evolution of modern coral reefs. Science 2006; 312:857–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Paland S, Lynch M. Transitions to asexuality result in excess amino acid substitutions. Science 2006; 311:990–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shubin NH, Daeschler EB, Jenkins FA Jr. The pectoral fin of Tiktaalik roseae and the origin of the tetrapod limb. Nature 2006; 440:764–71.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Wijesinghe D, Arachchige MCM, Lu A, Reshetnyak YK, Andreev OA. pH dependent transfer of nano-pores into membrane of cancer cells to induce apoptosis. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3560.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ruppel W. Wiley GAAP for Governments 2015. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Goldade VA. Plastics for Corrosion Inhibition. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Iafrate F, Stagnitti A, Laghi A. Preparazione del paziente e altri aspetti pratici. In: Passariello R, editor. La colonscopia virtuale. Milano: Springer; 2008. page 43–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomatter.

Blog post

Andrew E. In Defence Of Ecovillages: The Communities That Can Teach The World To Live Sustainably [Internet]. IFLScience2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/defence-ecovillages-communities-can-teach-world-live-sustainably/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. U.S. Customs Service: Better Targeting of Airline Passengers for Personal Searches Could Produce Better Results. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mednick Takami L. Chief Diversity Officers in U.S. Higher Education: Impacting the Campus Climate for Diversity. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schuman M. Fresh Worries in an Old Problem for the Global Market: Rising Debt in China. New York Times2017; :B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomatter
Abbreviation	Biomatter
ISSN (print)	2159-2527
ISSN (online)	2159-2535
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Biomaterials General Medicine Medicine (miscellaneous)