How to format your references using the Bioengineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bioengineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rietbrock, A. Geophysics. Listening to the Crackle of Subducting Oceanic Plates. Science 2007, 316, 1439–1440.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kassiotis, G.; O’Garra, A. Immunology. Immunity Benefits from a Little Suppression. Science 2008, 320, 1168–1169.

A journal article with 3 authors

Smith, Z.M.; Delgutte, B.; Oxenham, A.J. Chimaeric Sounds Reveal Dichotomies in Auditory Perception. Nature 2002, 416, 87–90.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Norbury, C.C.; Basta, S.; Donohue, K.B.; Tscharke, D.C.; Princiotta, M.F.; Berglund, P.; Gibbs, J.; Bennink, J.R.; Yewdell, J.W. CD8+ T Cell Cross-Priming via Transfer of Proteasome Substrates. Science 2004, 304, 1318–1321.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

van Helvoort, H. SDH/SONET Explained in Functional Models; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2006; ISBN 9780470091258.

An edited book

Gabbay, D.M. Conditionals and Modularity in General Logics; Schlechta, K., Ed.; Cognitive Technologies; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011; ISBN 9783642190674.

A chapter in an edited book

Dijksma, A.; Luger, A.; Shondin, Y. Minimal Models for $$ \mathcal{N}_\kappa ^\infty $$ -Functions. In Operator Theory and Indefinite Inner Product Spaces: Presented on the occasion of the retirement of Heinz Langer in the Colloquium on Operator Theory, Vienna, March 2004; Langer, M., Luger, A., Woracek, H., Eds.; Operator Theory: Advances and Applications; Birkhäuser: Basel, 2006; pp. 97–134 ISBN 9783764375157.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bioengineering.

Blog post

Luntz, S. Cosmic Lighthouse Disappears From View Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/space/cosmic-lighthouse-disappears-view/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Cybersecurity: Recent Data Breaches Illustrate Need for Strong Controls across Federal Agencies; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2015;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Guo, Z. Experimental Analysis of Polymer Nanocomposite Foaming Using Carbon Dioxide. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University: Columbus, OH, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear, M.D.; Nixon, R. Ban on Travel Will Be Replaced With New Schedule of Targeted Restrictions. New York Times 2017, A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Bioengineering
Abbreviation	Bioengineering (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2306-5354
Scope