How to format your references using the Avian Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Avian Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Borovsky JE. Geophysics. Feedback of the magnetosphere. Science. 2014 Mar 7;343(6175):1086–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tomita K, Weiner AM. Collaboration between CC- and A-adding enzymes to build and repair the 3’-terminal CCA of tRNA in Aquifex aeolicus. Science. 2001 Nov 9;294(5545):1334–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Minto C, Myers RA, Blanchard W. Survival variability and population density in fish populations. Nature. 2008 Mar 20;452(7185):344–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Riedelsheimer C, Brotman Y, Méret M, Melchinger AE, Willmitzer L. The maize leaf lipidome shows multilevel genetic control and high predictive value for agronomic traits. Sci. Rep. 2013;3:2479.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Homès B. Fundamentals of Software Testing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2012.

An edited book

Heckel R, Milius S, editors. Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science: 5th International Conference, CALCO 2013, Warsaw, Poland, September 3-6, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Fujiyoshi M, Fujiyoshi A, Osawa A, Kuroda Y, Sasaki Y. Development of Synchronized CUI and GUI for Universal Design Tactile Graphics Production System BPLOT3. In: Miesenberger K, Fels D, Archambault D, Peňáz P, Zagler W, editors. Computers Helping People with Special Needs: 14th International Conference, ICCHP 2014, Paris, France, July 9-11, 2014, Proceedings, Part II. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 18–25.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Avian Research.

Blog post

Hale T. Scientists Worry Italy’s Next Earthquake Might Topple Michelangelo’s David [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/scientists-worry-italys-next-earthquake-might-topple-michelangelos-david-/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Head Start Programs: Participant Characteristics, Services, and Funding. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Mar. Report No.: HEHS-98-65.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Valeika SR. The epidemiology of varicella under a two -dose vaccination strategy: Results of a mathematical transmission model with a novel strategy of sensitivity analysis [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ember S. An Era’s End. New York Times. 2017 Sep 18;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Borovsky 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Borovsky 2014; Tomita and Weiner 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tomita and Weiner 2001)
Three or more authors: (Riedelsheimer et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Avian Research
Abbreviation	Avian Res.
ISSN (online)	2053-7166
Scope

Research and Writing Guides