How to format your references using the Avian Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Avian Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

von Bergmann K. Physics. Magnetic bubbles with a twist. Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):234–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Graham S, Hegde D. Intellectual Property. Disclosing patents’ secrets. Science. 2015 Jan 16;347(6219):236–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Martianov I, Viville S, Davidson I. RNA polymerase II transcription in murine cells lacking the TATA binding protein. Science. 2002 Nov 1;298(5595):1036–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Reznik D, Pintschovius L, Ito M, Iikubo S, Sato M, Goka H, et al. Electron-phonon coupling reflecting dynamic charge inhomogeneity in copper oxide superconductors. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1170–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Burk F. Lebesgue Measure and Integration. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1997.

An edited book

Aman B. Mobility in Process Calculi and Natural Computing. Ciobanu G, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Domeniconi G, Moro G, Pasolini R, Sartori C. Iterative Refining of Category Profiles for Nearest Centroid Cross-Domain Text Classification. In: Fred A, Dietz JLG, Aveiro D, Liu K, Filipe J, editors. Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management: 6th International Joint Conference, IC3K 2014, Rome, Italy, October 21-24, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 50–67.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Avian Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. Lava Flow In Hawaii Incinerates Its First House [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/lava-flow-hawaii-incinerates-its-first-house/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Intercity Passenger Rail: Potential Financial Issues in the Event That Amtrak Undergoes Liquidation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002 Sep. Report No.: GAO-02-871.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Noll RT. Physician acceptance of Computerized Physician Order Entry in outpatient settings: A quantitative analysis of family medicine within Maricopa County, Arizona [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J. AMC and Comcast to Offer A Commercial-Free Option. New York Times. 2017 Jun 29;B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (von Bergmann 2015).
This sentence cites two references (von Bergmann 2015; Graham and Hegde 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Graham and Hegde 2015)
Three or more authors: (Reznik et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Avian Research
Abbreviation	Avian Res.
ISSN (online)	2053-7166
Scope