How to format your references using the Avian Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Avian Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoag H. Drug development: a chance of survival. Nature. 2014 Nov 20;515(7527):S118-20.

A journal article with 2 authors

Badcock C, Crespi B. Battle of the sexes may set the brain. Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1054–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Frumkin A, Shimron A, Rosenbaum J. Radiometric dating of the Siloam Tunnel, Jerusalem. Nature. 2003 Sep 11;425(6954):169–71.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ohshiro T, Yagami T, Zhang C, Matsuzaki F. Role of cortical tumour-suppressor proteins in asymmetric division of Drosophila neuroblast. Nature. 2000 Nov 30;408(6812):593–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Manasreh O. Introduction to Nanomaterials and Devices. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Baglay S, Nakache D, editors. Immigration Regulation in Federal States: Challenges and Responses in Comparative Perspective. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Gálvez A, López RL, Pulido RP, Burgos MJG. Biopreservation of Milk and Dairy Products. In: Grande Burgos MJ, Lucas López R, Pérez Pulido R, editors. Food Biopreservation. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. p. 49–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Avian Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. Stress Can Alter Your Genome [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/stress-can-alter-your-genome/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Tactical Airlift: Issues Concerning Air Force Plans for Pacific Distribution System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Mar. Report No.: NSIAD-89-81.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eldridge Z. The Empowerment of a Forgotten Population [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eldred SM, Eligon J. Doctor Saw Prince a Day Before His Death. New York Times. 2016 May 11;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hoag 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Badcock and Crespi 2008; Hoag 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Badcock and Crespi 2008)
Three or more authors: (Ohshiro et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Avian Research
Abbreviation	Avian Res.
ISSN (online)	2053-7166
Scope