How to format your references using the Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Martínez, J. L. (2008). Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5887), 365–367.

A journal article with 2 authors

Skinner, G., & Gorenstein, P. (2003). Astronomy (communication arising): black holes, fleas and microlithography. Nature, 426(6964), 245–246.

A journal article with 3 authors

Agathon, A., Thisse, C., & Thisse, B. (2003). The molecular nature of the zebrafish tail organizer. Nature, 424(6947), 448–452.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zheng, B., Wu, H., Kuang, L., Qin, J., Du, W., Wang, J., & Li, D. (2014). A simple model clarifies the complicated relationships of complex networks. Scientific Reports, 4, 6197.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kagan, E., & Ben-Gal, I. (2013). Probabilistic Search for Tracking Targets. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Horváth, L. (2012). Inference for Functional Data with Applications (P. Kokoszka, Ed.; Vol. 200). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Simón Mata, A., Bataller Torras, A., Cabrera Carrillo, J. A., Ezquerro Juanco, F., Guerra Fernández, A. J., Nadal Martínez, F., & Ortiz Fernández, A. (2016). Graphical and Analytical Methods for Dynamic Analysis of Planar Linkages. In A. Bataller Torras, J. A. Cabrera Carrillo, F. Ezquerro Juanco, A. J. Guerra Fernández, F. Nadal Martínez, & A. Ortiz Fernández (Eds.), Fundamentals of Machine Theory and Mechanisms (pp. 143–193). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, August 12). What Is The Smallest Thing In The Universe? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/what-smallest-thing-universe/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2014). Department of Homeland Security: Actions Needed to Strengthen Management of Research and Development (GAO-14-865T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Caraballo-Cole, T. (2012). Mindfulness-based mental health services for single mothers: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2010, May 16). Petty Remains Nascar’s Once-and-Always King. New York Times, SP8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Martínez, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Martínez, 2008; Skinner & Gorenstein, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Skinner & Gorenstein, 2003)
Three authors: (Agathon et al., 2003)
6 or more authors: (Zheng et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development
Abbreviation	Asia Pac. J. Soc. Work
ISSN (print)	0218-5385
ISSN (online)	2165-0993
Scope	Social Sciences (miscellaneous)