How to format your references using the Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meyer A. Learning from the Altmeister. Nature. 2004;428(6986):897.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cox B, Yang Q. In quest of virtual tests for structural composites. Science. 2006;314(5802):1102-1107.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lape R, Colquhoun D, Sivilotti LG. On the nature of partial agonism in the nicotinic receptor superfamily. Nature. 2008;454(7205):722-727.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Schwickart M, Huang X, Lill JR, et al. Deubiquitinase USP9X stabilizes MCL1 and promotes tumour cell survival. Nature. 2010;463(7277):103-107.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chandra S. Energy, Entropy and Engines. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Fegan J, Field MH, eds. Education Across Borders: Politics, Policy and Legislative Action. Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Dillmann WH. Mechanism of Action of Thyroid Hormone on the Cardiac Vascular System. In: Iervasi G, Pingitore A, eds. Thyroid and Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Clinics. Springer; 2009:45-54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery.

Blog post

Andrew E. There Are Also Drawbacks To Being Bilingual. IFLScience. April 26, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/there-are-also-drawbacks-being-bilingual/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Common Interests of Government and Schools of Business and Administration in Improving Management in Government. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Arendse EM. A Textual Caribbean: Voices of the Multitude in Junot Díaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Landler M, Appelbaum B. Trump Tells Foreign Leaders That Nafta Can Stay for Now. New York Times. April 26, 2017:A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
Abbreviation	Arthroscopy
ISSN (print)	0749-8063
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine